STRESS

Original Articles

The Effect of Covert Narcissism on Relationship Addiction in Early Adulthood: The Double Mediating Effects of Distress Tolerance and Emotion Dysregulation: Hyojin Kim, Jong-Nam Kim; STRESS. 2026;34(3):125-134. Published online September 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.3.125

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the pathway through which covert narcissism leads to relationship addiction through distress tolerance and emotion dysregulation in early adulthood.
Methods
Data were collected from 394 Korean adults aged 18–39 years who were recruited using online convenience sampling. Participants completed measures of covert narcissism, distress tolerance, emotion dysregulation, and relationship addiction. The PROCESS macro was used for data analysis.
Results
Both distress tolerance and emotion dysregulation partially mediated the relationship between covert narcissism and relationship addiction. Their double mediating effect was also significant, and the direct effect of covert narcissism on relationship addiction remained significant. This pattern remained when gender was included as a covariate.
Conclusions
Individuals with high covert narcissism are sensitive to negative evaluations and easily hurt, thereby lowering their capacity to tolerate distress and intensifying difficulties in emotion regulation. Subsequently, they attempt to fulfil their unmet needs through others and become excessively absorbed in relationships. Therefore, interventions may be more effective when self-compassion-based approaches are used first to strengthen distress tolerance, followed by emotion regulation skills training, such as dialectical behavior therapy.

The Moderated Moderation Effect of Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Influence of Daily Stress on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Middle School Students: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2026;34(2):94-103. Published online June 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.2.94

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the moderation effect of anxiety and the moderated moderation effect of anxiety on self-esteem in the relationship between daily stress and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among middle school students.
Methods
Data from 1,948 middle school students from the Teen Mental Health Survey were analyzed using regression analysis and the SPSS PROCESS Macro method.
Results
The findings revealed that daily stress had a significant positive association with NSSI. Furthermore, the moderation effect of anxiety was confirmed, indicating that the positive association between daily stress and NSSI was significantly amplified as anxiety increased. In addition, a moderated moderation effect was found, demonstrating that the moderation effect of daily stress and anxiety on NSSI varied depending on the level of self-esteem. Specifically, the negative moderation effect of daily stress and anxiety on NSSI decreased as self-esteem increased.
Conclusions
Based on the results, this study proposes intervention strategies to prevent NSSI among middle school students, focusing on improving self-esteem and reducing anxiety and daily stress.

Reciprocal Associations between Stress, Loneliness, and Social Networks in Middle-Aged and Older Koreans: A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model: So Yeong Yoon, Seung Chul Lee, Soo Rim Noh; STRESS. 2026;34(2):81-93. Published online June 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.2.81

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Background
Stress, loneliness, and social networks play pivotal roles in the mental health of middle-aged and older adults. However, their longitudinal interplay, distinguishing stable between-person differences from within-person fluctuations, remains underexplored. This study examines the temporal directionality of these variables in a Korean sample.
Methods
Data were collected over three waves at six-month intervals from 297 middle-aged and older Korean adults (Mage = 58.53, range: 40–83). A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) was employed to analyze stress (BEPSI-K), loneliness (ULS-3), and social networks (LSNS), with demographic covariates entered as predictors of the random intercepts. Parameters were estimated through maximum likelihood with robust standard errors (MLR).
Results
At the between-person level, stress was positively associated with loneliness, whereas social networks were negatively associated with both. At the within-person level, stress and loneliness reciprocally predicted each other over time: higher-than-average stress predicted subsequent increases in loneliness, and higher-than-average loneliness predicted subsequent increases in stress. Social networks demonstrated no significant autoregressive or cross-lagged effects.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that the structural aspects of social networks (i.e., contact frequency, network size, and availability of support) and the subjective experience of loneliness may follow distinct pathways at the within-person level. Considering the bidirectional within-person interplay of stress and loneliness, stress management may be considered a potential intervention point for preventing the exacerbation of loneliness among middle-aged and older adults. However, causal interpretation is constrained by the observational design and unmeasured time-varying confounders.

The Influence of ADHD Traits on School Maladjustment in Middle School Students: Focusing on the Serial Mediation Effect of Daily Life Stress and Self-Esteem: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2026;34(2):63-72. Published online June 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.2.63

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study examined the influence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits on school maladjustment among middle school students and investigated the mediating effects of daily life stress and self-esteem on this relationship.
Methods
Data were drawn from the Korean Teenager Mental Health Survey. A total of 1,948 middle school students were analyzed using PROCESS Macro Model 6.
Results
A positive association between ADHD traits and school maladjustment was observed. Self-esteem significantly mediated the relationship between ADHD traits and school maladjustment. In addition, a significant serial mediation pathway was identified: higher ADHD traits were associated with increased daily life stress, which, in turn, was associated with to lower self-esteem, ultimately leading to greater school maladjustment.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that ADHD traits contribute to school maladjustment both directly and indirectly through psychological processes. In particular, the sequential pathway involving daily life stress and self-esteem highlights the importance of considering both stress experiences and self-evaluation mechanisms. Interventions aimed at reducing school maladjustment among middle school students should therefore address not only ADHD-related characteristics but also promote stress management and the enhancement of self-esteem.

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The Moderated Moderating Effect of Sleep Deprivation and Negative Parenting Attitudes on the Association between ADHD Traits and Anxiety among Middle School Students
Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2026; 34(3): 135. CrossRef

When Does Adolescents’ Stress Become Somatic Symptoms? A Moderated Mediation Model of ADHD Tendency, Stress, and Somatic Symptoms by Household Economic Status: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2026;34(1):43-51. Published online March 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.1.43

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examines whether stress mediates the association between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) tendency and somatic symptoms among adolescents, and whether this association varies by household economic status.
Methods
Using nationwide data from 6,689 Korean adolescents, ADHD tendency, perceived stress, somatic symptoms, and subjective household economic status were assessed using validated self-reporting scales. Multiple regression and the PROCESS Macro were applied to test the direct, mediation (Model 4), and moderated mediation effects (Model 14), controlling for gender, age, and out-of-school status. Bootstrapping was performed using 10,000 re-samples.
Results
ADHD tendency was positively associated with somatic symptoms. Stress partially mediated this relationship. Stress’ effect on somatic symptoms was negatively moderated by household economic status. Consequently, ADHD tendency’s indirect effect on somatic symptoms through stress significantly varied by household economic status.
Conclusions
ADHD tendency contributes to somatic symptoms through elevated stress. This process is shaped by the socioeconomic context. Interventions targeting stress reduction, particularly among economically vulnerable adolescents, may help prevent somatic symptom development.

The Moderated Moderation Effect of ADHD Symptoms and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Depression among Adolescents: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2026;34(1):34-42. Published online March 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.1.34

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the moderated moderation effect of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and self-esteem on the relationship between daily life stress and depression among adolescents.
Methods
Data from 5,937 school-attending adolescents, obtained from the 2021 Mental Health Survey of Adolescents, were analyzed using the PROCESS Macro.
Results
First, daily life stress had a significantly positive influence on depression. Second, ADHD symptoms moderated the relationship between daily life stress and depression such that higher levels of ADHD symptoms amplified the deleterious effect of stress on depression. Third, a moderated moderation effect was confirmed, indicating that self-esteem further conditioned the moderating influence of ADHD symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of self-esteem mitigated the synergistic risk effect of stress and ADHD symptoms on depression.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, this study suggests strategies to enhance psychological protective factors to prevent depression among adolescents with ADHD.

Review Article

An ATP-Linked Neuroimmune Pathway in Trauma: A Mechanistic Hypothesis Integrating Mitochondrial Stress and Developmental Vulnerability: Nuriye Sinem Berthier; STRESS. 2026;34(1):1-13. Published online March 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.1.1

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Abstract PDF: Psychological trauma is associated with diverse psychiatric and somatic outcomes; however, the biological mechanisms underlying this heterogeneity remain unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial stress and extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release may contribute to sustained neuroimmune activation in a subset of trauma responses. These ATP- linked pathways intersect with established stress-biology mechanisms, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dynamics, glucocorticoid signaling, and inflammatory cytokine cascades. Developmental timing, particularly during the preverbal period, may further shape long-term neuroimmune sensitivity owing to immature antioxidant defenses and heightened glial plasticity. A structured search identified 19 studies that examine trauma regarding mitochondrial dysfunction, ATP signaling, inflammasome activation, and related neuroimmune mechanisms. Findings were synthesized narratively at the receptor level. In preclinical and clinical studies, trauma exposure has been associated with mitochondrial stress, extracellular ATP efflux, P2X7 receptor activation, and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. These processes were amplified by cGAS–STING signaling and sustained through TLR4 and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) engagement. Early-life adversity has been consistently linked to increased inflammatory reactivity. These findings support a conceptual continuum model in which ATP-mediated neuroinflammation represents a hypothetical mechanistic pathway contributing to trauma chronicity. This framework complements existing models by offering receptor-level specificity and highlighting avenues for biomarker development and targeted intervention research.

Original Article

Association between Daily Stress, Sleep Duration, and Attention-Deficit or Hyperactivity Problems among Teenagers: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Positive Family Relationships: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2025;33(4):201-208. Published online December 31, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.4.201

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study investigated the association between daily stress, sleep duration, and attention-deficit or hyperactivity problems (ADH) among teenagers and the moderated mediating effect of positive family relationships.
Methods
The data of a nationally representative sample of teenagers were analyzed using regression analyses.
Results
Daily stress was positively associated with ADH. Sleep duration partially mediated the association between daily stress and ADH. Positive family relationships moderated the mediating effect of sleep duration. Specifically, the mediating effect decreased with increasing levels of positive family relationships.
Conclusions
Based on its results, this study discusses ways to intervene in ADH among teenagers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Moderated Moderation Effect of ADHD Symptoms and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Depression among Adolescents
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2026; 34(1): 34. CrossRef
The Moderated Moderating Effect of Sleep Deprivation and Negative Parenting Attitudes on the Association between ADHD Traits and Anxiety among Middle School Students
Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2026; 34(3): 135. CrossRef

Review Article

Occupational Stress, Coping, and Outcomes among Korean Nurses: An Integrative Review Based on the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping: Myungji Kim, Hyunkyung Choi; STRESS. 2025;33(3):127-135. Published online September 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.3.127

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Abstract PDF

Background
Korean nurses face high levels of occupational stress due to staff shortages and work overload. This stress varies depending on each individual’s cognitive appraisal and coping strategies and affects both the quality of nursing care and the well-being of the nurses themselves. Therefore, this study is intended to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the cognitive appraisal, coping strategies, and occupational stress outcomes of Korean nurses.
Methods
This integrative review study was based on Lazarus and Folkman’s transactional model of stress and coping. Literature published in Korean or English between March 1984 and July 2025 was reviewed using the RISS, KISS, DBpia, PubMed, and CINAHL databases.
Results
Fourteen studies (13 quantitative descriptive and 1 qualitative) were analyzed regarding occupational stress and coping strategies among nurses. Three key attributes were identified: a high level of occupational stress related to various factors, the use of active and passive coping strategies, and outcomes from coping with occupational stress. No study to date has specifically examined occupational stress appraisal.
Conclusions
It is important to develop strategies that help nurses actively cope with occupational stress, allowing for adaptive outcomes, rather than inefficient ones. These findings are expected to serve as foundational data for the development of occupational stress management programs. Future studies on nurses’ occupational stress will also need to include the concept of cognitive appraisal.

Citations

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Impact of job stress and grit on health-promoting behaviors among shift-working nurses
Hyejeong Yang, Weon-Hee Moon
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2025; 42(5): 45. CrossRef

Original Articles

Effects of Loneliness on Stress in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Sequential Dual Mediating Roles of Social Interaction Anxiety and Self-Control: Seung Chul Lee, Wonil Choi, SoYeong Yoon, Soo Rim Noh; STRESS. 2025;33(2):93-102. Published online June 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.2.93

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
The aim of this study is to identify the psychological pathways linking loneliness to stress among middle-aged and older adults, focusing on the mediating roles of social interaction anxiety and self-control.
Methods
A total of 580 adults aged 40∼71 years completed an online self-report questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to test a sequential mediation model, and covariates such as age, sex, depression, and extraversion were controlled for.
Results
Loneliness was positively associated with stress and social interaction anxiety, and negatively with self-control. Social interaction anxiety and self-control each mediated the relationship between loneliness and stress. Moreover, a significant sequential mediation pathway was observed: loneliness was associated with higher levels of social interaction anxiety, which in turn was negatively related to self-control, and lower self-control was linked to heightened stress. After controlling for covariates, only the indirect effect via social interaction anxiety remained significant. This suggests that anxiety in social contexts may serve as a robust emotional mechanism underlying the association between loneliness and perceived stress.
Conclusions
This study empirically supports the sequential mediation model in which loneliness increases social interaction anxiety, which in turn reduces self-control, ultimately elevating stress. These findings highlight the importance of considering both interpersonal and intrapersonal factors in mental health interventions for aging populations. Addressing loneliness, reducing social interaction anxiety, and strengthening self-control may be effective targets for psychological intervention and community-based programs tailored to the needs of middle-aged and older adults.

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Loneliness and perceived stress in family caregivers of older adults with disabilities: the mediating role of psychological resilience
Yinghui Song, Ying Luo, Xiwen Zhang, Ying Zhou, Shudi Chen, Caiying Huang
BMC Geriatrics.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Validity Evidence for the K-ULS-8: A Brief Korean UCLA-Based Loneliness Measure for University Student Stress-Related Mental Health Research
Wonjin Seo
STRESS.2026; 34(2): 104. CrossRef

Effect of Distress Tolerance Improvement Intervention for Problematic Drinkers: Gwang-Pyo Jang, Hyae Young Yoon; STRESS. 2025;33(1):22-32. Published online March 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.1.22

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the effects of an intervention to improving distress tolerance, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and alcohol consumption in problematic drinkers.
Methods
Adults who reported problematic drinking were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=11) or comparison group (n=11). The groups were either administered treatment to improve distress tolerance or watch a video in which abstinent women talked about their drinking and abstinence experiences.
Results
The repeated-measures ANOVA showed no significant change in alcohol consumption in the intervention group. However, appraisal, a distress tolerance subscale, and opportunity for drink refusal self-efficacy, a drink refusal self-efficacy subscale, increased.
Conclusions
Short-term interventions to improve distress tolerance may help change distress tolerance and drinking refusal self-efficacy.

Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety by Household Type on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2024;32(4):188-195. Published online December 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.4.188

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5 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study examined the impact of adolescents’ daily life stress on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of anxiety and the moderated mediating effect of anxiety by household type (two-parent vs. single-parent households).
Methods
This study utilized data from the Korean Teenagers’ Mental Health Study, conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute and applied the PROCESS macro method for analysis.
Results
First, daily life stress significantly increased the likelihood of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents. Second, anxiety played a full mediating role. Third, no significant difference was observed in the direct impact of daily life stress on non-suicidal self-injury between adolescents from two-parent and single-parent households. Fourth, the mediating effect of anxiety on the relationship between daily life stress and non-suicidal self-injury was more pronounced among adolescents in single-parent households than those in two-parent households.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to deal with non-suicidal self-injuries among adolescents, particularly in the context of household type.

Citations

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Association Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress Among Adolescents Across Urbanicity Levels: Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2018-2023
Eunhui Kim, Chae-Been Kim, Seungho Ryu
The Asian Journal of Kinesiology.2026; 28(1): 139. CrossRef
Assessing the prevalence, characteristics and psychosocial correlates of nonsuicidal self-injury among Vietnamese adolescent psychiatric outpatients: a cross-sectional study
Hoang Yen Nguyen, Xuan Thang Pham, Cong Thien Le, Thi Thu Ha Le, Thi Thu Ha Tran, Thi Hue Doan, Thien Thang Tran, Tuan Khiem Ngo, Thi Nguyet Nga Pham, Thi Ha An Tran, Van Tuan Nguyen
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Moderated Moderation Effect of Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Influence of Daily Stress on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Middle School Students
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2026; 34(2): 94. CrossRef
The Influence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity on School Adjustment among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Household Economic Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(1): 13. CrossRef
The Influence of School Maladjustment on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety According to Single-Parent Family Status
RaeHyuck Lee, Jaekyoung Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(3): 155. CrossRef

Does Stress Affect Adolescent Anxiety by Mediating Sleep Time?: Si On Jang; STRESS. 2024;32(3):142-152. Published online September 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.3.142

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
Health is essential for the sustainable well-being, yet high stress, anxiety, and lack of sleep among Korean adolescents have become significant social concerns.
Methods
This study examined the impact of stress on anxiety and investigated whether sleep time mediates this relationship in 46,870 male and female adolescents, ranging from first-year of middle school students to third-year high school students. Data were obtained from the "18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey" conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.
Results
The analysis showed that increased stress was associated with reduced sleep time and higher anxiety levels, stress was found to heighten anxiety, partly by reducing sleep time.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, the study recommends: ① developing mental health indicators to quickly identify adolescents at risk for mental health issues, ② encouraging cooperation between schools, government agencies, healthcare providers to enhance access to mental health programs for adolescents, and ③ implementing policies that promote healthy behaviors, ensure adequate sleep, and improve overall well-being.

Citations

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Association between Daily Stress, Sleep Duration, and Attention-Deficit or Hyperactivity Problems among Teenagers: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Positive Family Relationships
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(4): 201. CrossRef
Comparative effects of music therapy and aromatherapy on stress, quality of life, and happiness among shift nurses in Korea: a randomized controlled trial
So-heun Lee, Won-jong Kim, Eun-Hi Choi, Myung-Haeng Hur
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2024; 26(4): 337. CrossRef

Review Article

An Integrative Review of Psychosocial Intervention Programs for Children and Adolescents who Experienced Traumatic Events: Eun-Mi Seol, Soo-Hyun Nam; STRESS. 2024;32(3):121-132. Published online September 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.3.121

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Abstract PDF: Background
This integrative review study aims to analyze the core components, intervention strategies, and effects of psychosocial intervention programs conducted for children and adolescents in Korea who have experienced traumatic events.
Methods
The integrative review involved a search of major domestic databases using key terms such as 'children’, 'adolescents’, 'trauma’, 'post-traumatic stress’, 'intervention’, and 'education’. A total of 10 studies were selected for analysis based on predefined criteria.
Results
The 10 selected studies were categorized into three types of interventions based on the environment and structure of the intervention delivery: individual-based interventions targeting only children and adolescents, family-based interventions involving family members, and school-based interventions conducted within schools. These interventions were found to be effective in addressing mental health issues caused by trauma in children and adolescents.
Conclusions
Despite the serious nature of traumatic experiences among children and adolescents, this integrative review found that domestic research on psychosocial interventions for this population lacks rigorous study design and is limited in the selection of participants and trauma events. Therefore, the study suggests the need for the development and dissemination of more proactive psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents. The findings of this study are expected to serve as foundational data for the development of trauma managing programs for this population.

Original Articles

Influence of the Negative Life Changes Experienced after Becoming Single Mothers on Parenting Stress: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Low-Income Status: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2024;32(2):85-93. Published online June 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.2.85

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examines the influence of negative life changes experienced after becoming single mothers and their influence on parenting stress, focusing on the moderated mediation effect of depression influenced by low-income status.
Methods
The research questions were tested by using raw data from the Survey of Single-parent Families and applying the PROCESS macro method.
Results
First, the negative life changes experienced after becoming single mothers were found to positively and significantly influence parenting stress. Second, a partial mediation effect was observed: The levels of negative life changes increased the levels of depression, which, in turn, increased the levels of parenting stress. Third, the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between single mothers’ negative life changes and parenting stress was more pronounced for those with low income compared to those with medium and high income.
Conclusions
This study suggests strategies to address single mothers’ parenting stress.

Stress and Coping of Self-Quarantined People Focusing on Negative Cases of the Coronavirus Disease: A Qualitative Study: Kyung Im Kang, Chanhee Kim, Min Hye Lee; STRESS. 2024;32(2):74-84. Published online June 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.2.74

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Abstract PDF: Background
In South Korea, many people have experienced self-quarantine due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study explored stress, coping, and post-quarantine changes among people who were self-quarantined because of close contact but tested negative for COVID-19 in the early days of the pandemic.
Methods
Qualitative interviews were conducted with four focus groups, each comprising five people. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.
Results
Three categories of stress and coping during self-quarantine and post-quarantine changes emerged. First, the category of content related to stress comprised “problems that are difficult to handle alone.” The subcategories were “painful body and mind,” “the experience of being in a jail without bars,” and “repeated internal and external conflicts.” Second, the category for various stress-coping methods was labeled “struggling my way,” and the subcategories were “coping methods that helped me overcome” and “coping methods that added difficulty.” Finally, the category for changes after self-quarantine was labeled “more mature me.” The subcategories involved “thorough observation of infection prevention measures in daily life,” “living together,” and “a new realization of life.”
Conclusions
Our findings contribute toward developing online or offline health programs to help individuals who self-quarantined but tested negative for infectious diseases, allowing them to feel confident to self-quarantine in good health.

Academic Mental Health and Stress Mindset among High School Students: Job Demands-Resources Model: Ji-Eon Kim, Hyo-Shim Cho, Tae-Hyung Kwon, Eun-Young Kim, Ochir Erdenezaya Tsogt, Soohyun Cho; STRESS. 2024;32(2):66-73. Published online June 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.2.66

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to identify stress mindset as an intervention factor for academic stress management within the framework of the Job Demands-Resources Model. We investigated the role of a stress mindset in the relationship between academic demands, resources, burnout, engagement as academic mental health.
Methods
From the perspective of academic interpersonal perceptions, 391 first- and second-year high school students were analyzed using a structural equation model consisting of observed variables with demands and resources from parents, teachers, and peers.
Results
The low-stress mindset group showed a significant pathway from academic demands to academic burnout. The high-stress mindset group demonstrated pathways from academic resources to academic burnout and engagement.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the significance of a stress mindset in enhancing the academic mental health of high school students.

Relationship between Mindfulness and Stress Response in High School Students: Mediating Effect of Self-Regulation Ability: Yoonjung Choi, Mihee Lee, Jeongik Choi; STRESS. 2024;32(1):19-28. Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.1.19

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study explored the applicability of mindfulness meditation as an intervention approach in school counseling for managing daily stress in high school students. The study investigated the mediating effect of self-regulation ability on the relationship between mindfulness and stress response.
Methods
Data from 244 high school students (119 men and 125 women) were used to examine the mediating effect, controlling for academic variables using Hayes’ (2013) Process Macro Model 4.
Results
There was a positive correlation between mindfulness and self-regulation abilities, and mindfulness and self-regulation abilities were negatively correlated with stress response. Moreover, for students who perceived higher academic achievement levels, self-regulation abilities were positively correlated, and stress response were negatively correlated. Results showed a full mediating effect of self-regulation ability on the adverse relationship between mindfulness and stress response. The mediating effects of self-regulation modes were differentially observed in the adverse relationship between mindful consciousness and attitude dimensions of stress response.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that when applying mindfulness meditation as a daily stress management strategy for high school students, enhancing their self-regulation ability should be the focus of intervention.

Effect of Daily Stress on School Adjustment among Children at Community Child Centers: Mediating Roles of Inattention and Social Withdrawal: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2024;32(1):1-8. Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.1.1

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7 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study verifies the influence of daily stress on school adjustment through inattention and social withdrawal among children at community child centers.
Methods
Analyses were performed on data collected from the Child Panel Survey of the Community Child Centers, followed by a series of regression analyses.
Results
First, daily stress had a negative and significant influence on school adjustment. Second, both inattention and social withdrawal among children mediated the influence of daily stress on school adjustment. Finally, the influence of daily stress on school adjustment was serially dual-mediated through inattention and social withdrawal.
Conclusions
This study presents evidence-based strategies that could help the school adjustment of children at community child centers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Acculturative stress and social isolation in multicultural adolescents: A moderated mediation model of social withdrawal and in-school support
Woo Gwan Jo, Joseph Ahn, Wonjong Horace Lee
International Journal of Intercultural Relations.2026; 110: 102324. CrossRef
The Influence of ADHD Traits on School Maladjustment in Middle School Students: Focusing on the Serial Mediation Effect of Daily Life Stress and Self-Esteem
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2026; 34(2): 63. CrossRef
The Influence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity on School Adjustment among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Household Economic Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(1): 13. CrossRef
Happiness experiences among South Korean elementary school students receiving local children’s center services: a qualitative study using Giorgi’s phenomenological method
Hae Kyung Jo
Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(2): 96. CrossRef
Association between Daily Stress, Sleep Duration, and Attention-Deficit or Hyperactivity Problems among Teenagers: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Positive Family Relationships
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(4): 201. CrossRef
Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety by Household Type on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2024; 32(4): 188. CrossRef
A Phenomenological Study on Breast Cancer Survivors' Experiences of Mind Subtraction Meditation
Mi Ra Yun
Asian Oncology Nursing.2016; 16(3): 158. CrossRef

The Moderating Role of Perceived Social Support in the Relation between Type D Personality and PTSD Symptoms among ICU and ER Nurses: Sohyeon Kim, Myung-Ho Hyun; STRESS. 2023;31(4):197-204. Published online December 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.4.197

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the moderating effects of four types of perceived social support on the relation between type D personality and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among ICU and ER nurses.
Methods
Data were collected from 223 ICU and ER nurses in university or general hospitals located in Seoul. A questionnaire survey method was used for data collection and SPSS Windows 28.0 and PROCESS Macro Program were used for data analysis.
Results
The results showed that only the moderating effect of senior support was statistically significant, while perceived support from family, friends, and coworkers were not. Specifically, the effect of type D personality on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was weaker in ICU and ER nurses who perceived higher social support from senior nurses.
Conclusions
The study highlighted the significance of senior support in protecting the psychological health of ICU and ER nurses. Additionally, it addressed the major considerations in developing practical interventions in hospital settings.

Developing Smoking Cessation Program for Female Smokers and Assessment of Its Impacts: Kyung Hyun Suh; STRESS. 2023;31(4):189-196. Published online December 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.4.189

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Abstract PDF: Background
Female smokers find it challenging to quit smoking. The number of female smokers in Korea has not seen any decline. This study developed a smoking cessation program tailored for female smokers and evaluated its effectiveness.
Methods
The treatment group, which was subjected to the smoking cessation program, was composed of seven adult female smokers and five female college students who smoked. The control group comprised 7 adult female smokers and 5 female college students who wanted to quit smoking.
Results
Of the 12 participants in the control group, only 1 (8.3%) reported that she had maintained abstinence for 4 months and 1 week, while 5 (41.7%; 3 adults and 2 students) out of the 12 in the treatment group managed to abstain. For female smokers in this group, the motivation and empowerment to quit smoking increased significantly after participating in the program, and these positive effects were sustained for up to 3 months after the completion of the program.
Conclusions
Female smokers who participated in the program that was developed as part of this study exhibited a significant abstinence rate, and their motivation and empowerment to quit smoking improved. These results indicate that this smoking cessation program can be clinically useful in helping female smokers quit smoking.

The Mediating Role of Sleep Problems in the Relationship between Economic Hardship and Quality of Life: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study: Hansol Moon, Eun-Jung Shim; STRESS. 2023;31(4):175-181. Published online December 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.4.175

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Abstract PDF: Background
We examined the mediating effect of sleep problems on the relationship between economic hardship (i.e., economic stress and subjective socioeconomic status) and quality of life (QOL).
Methods
We analyzed data from 232 students who completed all three self-report surveys over the course of the semester, employing a simple mediation model examined by the SPSS PROCESS Macro.
Results
The findings revealed that higher levels of economic stress at Time 1 (T1) were associated with higher levels of sleep problems at T2 which, in turn, were associated with a poorer QOL at T3. In contrast, subjective socioeconomic status at T1 was not associated with sleep problems at either T2 or QOL at T3.
Conclusions
The current results suggest that improving sleep problems may be effective in mitigating the negative impact of economic stress on QOL among university students.

Influence of Single Parents’ Parenting Stress on Adolescent Children’s Internet Addiction: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Family Economic Status: Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2023;31(3):142-147. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.142

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study investigated the influence of parenting stress among single parents on the level of Internet addiction in their adolescent children, while also considering the moderating effect of family economic status.
Methods
An analysis was conducted using regression models to assess direct and moderating effects, utilizing data from the 2021 Survey of Single-parent Families, focusing on single parents with adolescent children.
Results
It was observed that single parents’ parenting stress had a positive and significant influence on the level of Internet addiction seen in their adolescent children. Furthermore, this influence was observed to be even stronger when the family’s economic status was lower.
Conclusions
This study empirically examined the influence of parenting and economic circumstances on the level of Internet addiction among adolescent children in single-parent families, drawing on nationally representative data. The study also underscored the need for diverse intervention strategies.

Qualitative Study on Patient Distress and Needs in Chronic Illness: Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Chronic Renal Diseases: Eun Jung Yang, Donghee Jeong, Bong-Jin Hahm, Eun-Jung Shim; STRESS. 2023;31(3):113-122. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.113

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
We examined various types of distress and needs experienced by patients with chronic illness.
Methods
We conducted in-depth interviews with 35 patients with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and chronic renal diseases.
Results
The majority of participants reported experiencing physical distress, such as pain from symptoms or after-effects. They also felt burdensome to others and saw a decrease in their social relationships because of physical limitations caused by their chronic illness. Besides symptom management, they expressed a need for psychological counselling to cope with psychosocial distress.
Conclusions
The findings suggest the importance of integrative management for patients with chronic illness, addressing both physical symptoms and psychosocial distress.

Citations

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Effects of an online suicide crisis nursing education program on suicide prevention information literacy, attitudes toward suicide, and suicide prevention behaviors among general ward nurses in general hospitals
Ji Yeon Park, Hee Sook Kim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2026; 32(3): 382. CrossRef

The Mediating Role of Anger Rumination in the Relationship between Job Stress and Problem Drinking among Community-Oriented Police Officers: Dawon Jang, Myoung-Ho Hyun; STRESS. 2023;31(2):81-86. Published online June 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.2.81

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study investigated the mediating effect of anger rumination in the relationship between job stress and problem drinking among community-oriented police officers.
Methods
The study participants were 107 community-oriented police officers working in local police stations and substations in the Seoul-Gyeonggi area. Participants completed the Police Job Stress Scale, Anger Rumination Scale (K-ARS), and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Data was collected from September to October 2022, and the mediation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro model 4.
Results
Analysis showed that anger rumination fully mediates the relationship between job stress and problem drinking among community-oriented police officers.
Conclusions
This study emphasizes the importance of interventions or treatments that address both job stress and anger rumination for community-oriented police officers with alcohol-related problems. Such interventions can contribute to preventing and managing problem drinking that threatens the well-being of individual police officers and the police organization.

Citations

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Effects of a Brief Emotion Regulation Intervention with Biofeedback in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Quasi-Experimental Study Based on Gross's Emotion Regulation Theory
Min-Jeong Hong, Wanju Park
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2025; 34(3): 272. CrossRef

The Mediating Role of Smartphone Usage Time in the Relation between Stress and Anxiety among Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Eunha Jeong; STRESS. 2023;31(2):65-72. Published online June 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.2.65

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5 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study examines the mediating effect of smartphone usage time on the relationship between stress and anxiety among adolescents.
Methods
Data on 54,848 adolescents were obtained from the 17th (2021) Korea Youth Behavior Survey. The data were analyzed using PROCESS Macro Version 4.1 (Model 4) to examine the effect and significance of each path in the mediation model.
Results
There was a statistically significant direct effect of stress on anxiety. Additionally, smartphone usage time mediated the relationship between stress and anxiety, indicating a significant indirect effect.
Conclusions
The findings suggest the importance of addressing stress coping strategies and implementing effective intervention programs related to smartphone use to promote adolescents’ mental health.

Citations

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Unravelling the links between stress perception, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in adolescents: A two-wave longitudinal study
Wei Gu, Yuqiu Chen, Hao Zhang, Yang Liu, Xiaoqiu Yin, Lin Cai
Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health.2026; : 1. CrossRef
The Relationship between Health-related Behavior and Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Korean Adolescents
Sun-Hwa Kim, So-Yeon Ryu, Seong-Woo Choi, Mi-Ah Han, Jong Park
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2025; 50(1): 65. CrossRef
Turkish Adaptation and Validation of the Short Smartphone Stress Scale for Adolescents
Ali Geriş, Erol Esen
Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education.2025; 14(3): 845. CrossRef
Does Stress Affect Adolescent Anxiety by Mediating Sleep Time?
Si On Jang
STRESS.2024; 32(3): 142. CrossRef
Influence of Sedentary Behavior and Smartphone Use on the Risk of Generalized Anxiety Disorder among Adolescents
Kyong Sil Park
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(4): 363. CrossRef

The Moderating Effect of Perceived Psychological Support on the Relationship between Perceived Disaster Damage, Posttraumatic Stress, and Subjective Health Status among Disaster Victims: Ahram Im, Chin Kang Koh; STRESS. 2023;31(2):51-58. Published online June 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.2.51

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the relationship between perceived disaster damage, posttraumatic stress, and subjective health status after disasters and the moderating effect of perceived psychological support among disaster victims.
Methods
Data from 1,821 participants in the fourth ‘Follow-up Survey on Change of Disaster Victims’ conducted by the National Disaster Management Research Institute in 2019 were analyzed.
Results
The results showed that the perceived degree of disaster damage significantly impacted subjective health status after disasters; this effect was fully mediated by posttraumatic stress. Furthermore, perceptions of psychological support were found to moderate the mediation effect of posttraumatic stress.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, a discussion was suggested regarding future improvements in disaster-supporting policies.

Influence of Parenting Stress on Depression among Single Parents with Preschool Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Self-rated Health Status: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2023;31(1):37-43. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.1.37

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study aimed to verify the influence of parental stress on depression among single parents with preschool children during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating effect of self-rated health status.
Methods
The study conducted regression analyses with a sample of 335 single parents raising children under seven years old from the raw data of the Study on the Status of Sole-parent Families conducted by the Korean Ministry of Gender Equality and Family in 2021.
Results
Single parents’ parenting stress had a positive and significant influence on their depression, moderated by their self-rated health status. That is, the influence of parenting stress on depression was more pronounced for parents who rated their health status as not good compared with those who rated their health status as good.
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the discussion suggested interventions for dealing with depression among single parents with preschool children.

Citations

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미성년 자녀를 둔 부모의 가족관계 어려움과 정신건강:성별에 의해 조절된 정서억제의 매개효과*
주현 강, 서희 손
Journal of Family Relations.2025; 30(1): 75. CrossRef
Influence of the Negative Life Changes Experienced after Becoming Single Mothers on Parenting Stress: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Low-Income Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2024; 32(2): 85. CrossRef

The Effect of Perceived Stress on Drinking Problem of Korean College Students: From the Perspective of Escape Theory: Dawon Yoon, Youngho Lee; STRESS. 2023;31(1):1-10. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.1.1

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study examined how the perceived stress of college students leads to drinking problems based on the Escape Theory.
Methods
A total of 485 college students were surveyed. A moderated mediation analysis was used to test the hypotheses.
Results
Since no significant correlation was found between perceived stress and drinking problem, the dependent variable was replaced with problematic drinking, a sub-factor of drinking problem. Escape from self fully mediated the relationship between perceived stress and problematic drinking. The interaction of perceived stress and dysfunctional self-focus was correlated with escape from self. Coping motives to drinking strengthened the pathways from escape from self to problematic drinking.
Conclusions
This study shows the need for therapeutic interventions to curb college students’ drinking problems. This study’s significance and limitations are also discussed.

Citations

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The Dysfunctional Self-Focus Attributes Scale-7 (DSAS-7): A Machine Learning-based Development of a Shortened Version of the DSAS
Eui Min Jeong, Hwan Kim, Saebom Jeon, Jae Kyoung Kim, Seockhoon Chung
Journal of Medical Systems.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship between Perceived Stress, Subjective Health Status, and Symptoms of Dry Eye and Dry Mouth among Optometry Students at a University
Se-Jin Kim, Min-Hee Hong
The Korean Journal of Vision Science.2024; 26(3): 195. CrossRef

Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Job-Seeking Stress, Self-Efficacy, Experiential Avoidance, Depression, and Anxiety: Geon Min Lee, Hyun Kyun Shin; STRESS. 2022;30(4):277-287. Published online December 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.4.277

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an effective intervention for stress, self-efficacy, and experiential avoidance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ACT on job-seeking stress, self-efficacy, experiential avoidance, depression, and anxiety.
Methods
University students suffering from job-seeking stress were recruited for this study. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (12 students) and a wait-list control group (10 students). The ACT program consisted of six 120-minute sessions conducted twice a week for three weeks. A pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test (4 weeks after the final session) were administered.
Results
In the experimental group, positive significant effects were identified for all variables, and these effects were maintained at the time of the follow-up test. In the wait-list control group, a temporary positive effect was identified for job-seeking stress and self-efficacy, but had disappeared by the follow-up test; no changes were identified for the remaining variables.
Conclusions
The significance of this study is confirmed that ACT is effective not only stress but also for job-seeking stress and other variables.

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Mediating effect of AI attitudes and AI literacy on the relationship between career self-efficacy and job-seeking anxiety
Ruihua Li, Sha Ouyang, Jianwei Lin
BMC Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Factors Influencing COVID-19 Stress among Tertiary Hospital Workers: So Yeon Kim, Ji Sook Kang; STRESS. 2022;30(4):252-259. Published online December 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.4.252

3,820 View
63 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
The study aimed to identify the level of and factors influencing stress experienced by tertiary hospital workers related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and provide a foundation to develop a systematic stress-relief intervention program.
Methods
This descriptive study conducted a questionnaire survey using the Korean version of the COVID-19 Stress Scale. The participants were medical workers, medical technicians, office workers, and other occupational groups in two tertiary general hospitals in J province of Korea with more than six months of work experience. Data were collected from November 2021 to December 2021.
Results
The results indicated that being male, being a healthcare provider, such as doctor or nurse, and income dissatisfaction were significant influencing factors of COVID-19 stress. The independent variables explained the dependent variable by 14.5%. The job category was the most influencing factor, and healthcare providers exhibited significantly less stress than office workers.
Conclusions
Therefore, appropriate education, systematic and differentiated stress management, and policy efforts are required to relieve COVID-19-related stress among tertiary hospital workers.

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A Study on the Influences of the COVID-19 Pandemic-related Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Treatment-Crisis on Quality of Life in Cancer Patients
So Hyoung Kim, Kyung Hee Lim
Asian Oncology Nursing.2023; 23(1): 19. CrossRef

Qualitative Study on Experiences of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior among College Students: Donghee Jeong, Eun-Jung Shim; STRESS. 2022;30(4):204-212. Published online December 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.4.204

7,437 View
209 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
Suicide is a major cause of death among young adults, and elucidating their experiences of suicidal behavior is important in suicide prevention. This study aimed to explore the factors related to suicidal ideation and behavior in college students. Students’ responses and coping strategies for distress caused by these factors were also explored.
Methods
The study conducted semi-structured interview with 24 college students (mean age=21.3, 75% female) who were at elevated risk of suicide. The transcripts were analyzed based on the consensual qualitative research method.
Results
The participants reported experiencing repeated frustrations in pursuing academic and career paths, as well as social isolation, conflict, or social comparison. In response to these stressors, they experienced negative emotions, such as depression and feeling of being a burden. Negative thoughts about the self and future also emerged. A lack of understanding of why they experienced distress and how to manage the distress led the participants to engage in maladaptive responses, such as avoidance. These factors contributed to increasing their risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. Meanwhile, the factors that deterred them from making a lethal suicide attempt were their lack of capability, their concern about their family and friends, and social support from the latter.
Conclusions
Repeated frustration and interpersonal distress were major factors related to increased suicidal ideation and behavior in college students. Suicide prevention in young adults may benefit from addressing negative impact of these factors.

Citations

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Development and validation of suicide crisis scale for international students in South Korea
Ki-Hyun Choi, Jung Hee Ha, Juliet Jue
Frontiers in Psychology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

A Preliminary Study on a Short-Term Counseling Program for Victims of Interpersonal Trauma in the Military: Shin Young Park, Sung Yi Cha, Myoung-Ho Hyun; STRESS. 2022;30(3):155-162. Published online September 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.3.155

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Abstract PDF: Background
This preliminary study was conducted to develop a short-term counseling program for victims who experienced interpersonal trauma in the military and to verify its effectiveness.
Methods
A single group pre-post-mixed design was used for this study. Seven victims who experienced interpersonal trauma within the military participated in the program once a week for five weeks. Participants’ post-traumatic stress symptoms, degree of insomnia, depression, state anxiety, and acceptance behavior levels were assessed and compared at baseline and pre-and post-test.
Results
Participants’ post-traumatic stress symptoms, state anxiety, and depression symptoms significantly reduced and acceptance behavior significantly increased after participating in the short-term counseling program.
Conclusions
The results of this study will help explore therapeutic elements that are helpful for victims who have experienced interpersonal trauma in the military.

The Influence of Mothers’ Acculturative Stress on Adolescents' Depression in Multicultural Families: The Moderating Effect of Sex: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2022;30(2):92-97. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.2.92

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3 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
With the increasing number of multicultural adolescents, concerns about their healthy development are also on the rise. This study aimed to examine the influence of mothers’ acculturative stress on adolescents’ depression in multicultural families with respect to the moderating effect of sex.
Methods
A series of regression analyses were conducted using a sample of 1,052 adolescents from multicultural families composed of a foreign-born mother and a Korean father based on the 9th wave of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS).
Results
First, foreign-born mothers’ acculturative stress positively and significantly influenced adolescents’ depression. When the level of acculturative stress increased, so did the level of depression. Second, the influence of mothers’ acculturative stress on adolescents’ depression was moderated by sex. The influence was larger for female than for male adolescents.
Conclusions
Based on its findings, this study discussed intervention strategies to address depression among multicultural adolescents.

Citations

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The Impact of Maternal Life Satisfaction on Adolescent Depression: The Sequential Mediating Roles of Achievement Pressure and Family Communication
Yoo Jung Hong, Sae-Young Han
Human Ecology Research.2026; 64(2): 287. CrossRef
Perceived Neglectful Parenting and Depressive Symptoms in Multicultural Adolescents: Bicultural Acceptance and Withdrawal as Mediators
Sangmi Lee
Family Relations.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of COVID-19-Induced Depression on Smartphone Usage Time among Multicultural Adolescents and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Gender through Anxiety
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2022; 30(3): 147. CrossRef

The Experience of Killing and Health in Late Life: Findings from Korean Vietnam War Veterans: Hyunyup Lee, Sungrok Kang; STRESS. 2022;30(2):85-91. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.2.85

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Abstract PDF: Background
The current study aimed to examine the effects of combat exposure and killing on mental and subjective physical health later in life among Korean Vietnam War veterans.
Methods
The data were collected from 342 male veterans with a mean age of 72 years (SD=2.57). Veterans were divided based on their histories into three groups: no experience (Group 1), combat exposure only (Group 2), and both killing and combat exposure (Group 3). Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) examined group differences in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, anxiety symptoms, hostility, and perceived physical health.
Results
The ANOVAs showed that PTSD, anxiety symptoms and hostility were most prevalent among the veterans in Group 3 (both killing and combat exposure). No significant differences were found between Groups 1 and 2. Perceived physical health was highest among the veterans in Group 1 (no experience). There were no differences between Groups 2 and 3. Even after controlling for the impacts of optimism and social support after homecoming, these results were similar.
Conclusions
The findings indicate that killing experience and combat exposure should be considered in designing interventions for veterans deployed into active combat zones.

Review Article

Stress Management among Health Professional during COVID-19: Kuem Sun Han, Soo Yeon Lee, Ji Eun Kim, Youn Jung Jang; STRESS. 2022;30(2):53-59. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.2.53

6,279 View
230 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Stress and its management among health professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a social issue. Stress in health professionals is caused not only by personal events but also by managing patients with COVID-19. The present study aimed to find effective interventions for managing stress related to COVID-19 among health professionals. As a result of a literature search, there were five studies related to interventions for managing stress related to COVID-19 among health professionals between 2020 and 2022. These interventions included mobile phone-based cognitive behavior therapy, music therapy, emotional freedom techniques, and safety group programs for stress management. These interventions were identified as being effective in managing stress related to COVID-19 among health professionals.

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Exploring the Experiences of Managers and Practitioners in Infectious Disease Management Organizations During the COVID-19 Response: A Qualitative Study
Jeehee Pyo, Jiyoon Jeong, Hyeran Jeong, Minsu Ock
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

Factors Influencing Soldiers’ Smartphone Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on COVID-19 Stress and Social Support: Soo Mi Jang, Hee Yeon Lee, Ji Hyeong Jeong; STRESS. 2022;30(1):7-14. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.1.7

5,635 View
148 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to investigate the influence of COVID-19 stress on the level of smartphone use among soldiers. In addition, it explores the potential moderating effect of social support as a protective factor.
Methods
We collected responses from 205 soldiers serving in one military division in Chungcheongbuk-do using cross-sectional online and offline surveys. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis using the SPSS 27.0 program.
Results
Controlling for covariates, COVID-19 stress and social support were significant factors influencing the level of smartphone use. The analysis did not identify a moderating effect of social support on the relationship between pandemic stress and smartphone use.
Conclusions
Our study results could help military and mental health organizations intervene in problematic smartphone use by creating programs for soldiers at high risk for COVID-19 stress.

The Role of Meaning in Life in the Relationship between Stress, Pleasure, and Depression: Dayeah Shin; STRESS. 2022;30(1):30-36. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.1.30

9,012 View
263 Download
3 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
Discovering personal value and living a meaningful life are essential tasks for humans. The pursuit of existential meaning, which is a key motivator for life, is related to various psychological health factors and helps overcome stressful events. In this study, we aimed to identify the moderating effects of meaning in life on the relationship between stress, pleasure, and depression.
Methods
The moderating effects of meaning in life on the relationship between stress, pleasure, and depression were examined in a sample of 144 college students.
Results
Meaning in life had a significant strengthening effect on the impact of stressful life events on experience of pleasure and a buffering effect on the impacts of stressful life events on depression.
Conclusions
The findings demonstrated that discovering meaning in life could improve the experience of pleasure and mitigate depression due to stressful life events. Additionally, the results suggested a need for intervention to increase meaning in life for college students who experience stressful life events.

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Relating physical exercise to “lying flat” among Chinese college students: the chain mediation of temporal focus and the sense of meaning in life
Xueyuan Cao, Yaogang Han
Frontiers in Psychology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Development and Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing-Existential Psychotherapy Program for Korean College Students with Depression
Boonhong Hwang, Hyun-Ju Ju, Sung-Ho Jang, Uibin Lee, Sung-Man Shin
Journal of College Student Mental Health.2024; 38(3): 664. CrossRef
Stress and suicidal ideation in Korean baby boomers: the mediating effect of mindfulness and meaning in life
Yusoo Jeong
Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

The Relationship between Taking Propranolol Related to Music Performance Anxiety and Stress Coping Model in Art High School Students Majoring in Music: Dong-Uk Yoon, Byeong-a Song, Hyung-Jun Lee, Eun-ra Yu; STRESS. 2021;29(4):227-234. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.4.227

5,111 View
112 Download

PDF

The Effects of Stress Experienced in the Prolonged COVID-19 Situation on Psychological Distress: The Moderating Effect of Social Support: Sora Jeon, Hoyoung Kim; STRESS. 2021;29(4):207-219. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.4.207

7,080 View
190 Download
4 Citations

PDF

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The Effect of Face-to-Face and Mediated Communication on Younger and Middle-Aged Adults’ Mental Health during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Panel Analysis
Jinyoung Nam, Mi Yeon Choi
Asian Communication Research.2025; 22(3): 268. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Well-Being in Korean Young Adults Facing Material Deprivation: Testing the Reserve Capacity Model
Hye Seung Choi, Hyunjoo Na
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.2024; 62(3): 29. CrossRef
The Korean Version of Pandemic Stress Questionnaire: Validation in Korean Population
Sori Park, Sang-Cheol Choi, Chan-Mo Yang, Seung-Ho Jang, Sang-Yeol Lee
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.2023; 21(2): 377. CrossRef
A Structural Equation Model for Posttraumatic Growth among Cured Patients with COVID-19
Soo Young An, Heejung Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(3): 309. CrossRef

Effects of Stress on Suicide Behavior among Adolescents: An Analysis of Online Survey Data on Youth Health Behavior Using Propensity Score Matching: Chung Hee Woo, Ju Young Park; STRESS. 2021;29(3):199-205. Published online September 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.3.199

4,848 View
124 Download

PDF

The Relationships between Perceived Stress, Inadequacy, Self-control and SNS Addiction Tendency in University Students: Yonghee Kim; STRESS. 2021;29(3):178-186. Published online September 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.3.178

5,659 View
220 Download
2 Citations

PDF

Citations

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Effects of Exposure to Happy Couple Photos on Facebook on Relationship Satisfaction and Mood: Analysis using the Solomon Four-group Design
Woochul Park, Seungyun Kim
Human Ecology Research.2026; 64(1): 71. CrossRef
Factors Influencing the Perception of Decent Work by Nurses
Chung Hee Woo, Yu Jin Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 227. CrossRef

Factors Affecting Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Young Eun Jang, Kuem Sun Han; STRESS. 2021;29(3):158-167. Published online September 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.3.158

4,276 View
66 Download

PDF

Effectiveness of a Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management Program on Psychosocial Stress, Mood State, and Ways of Coping for Emergency Department Nurses: Ja-Hyun Kim, Kuem-Sun Han; STRESS. 2021;29(2):87-96. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.2.87

6,645 View
396 Download
2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background

The study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of a cognitive-behavioral stress management program on psychosocial stress, mood states, and ways of coping with stress for emergency department (ED) nurses.

Methods

The study design was a non-equivalent control group with a pre/post design. The study was conducted from July 1, to September 30, 2016. The sample population comprised nurses who work in ED in Seoul, South Korea. The sample size was 79 which included 39 in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. Seven sessions of a program (50 minutes/session) were provided over 4weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics: the χ²-test and the t-test with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in psychosocial stress, mood states, and ways of coping with stress between the experimental group and the control group. However, the sub-hypothesis regarding the degree of using passive coping skills was not supported.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that a cognitive-behavioral stress management program for ED nurses is effective in reducing psychosocial stress, changing mood states positively, and improving ways of coping with stress effectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Nurses’ Perceived Stress, Sleep Quality, and Presenteeism
Hyunseo Sim, Younghee Park
Holistic Nursing Practice.2025; 39(1): 15. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Job Embeddedness in Emergency Room Nurses: Focus on Positive Psychological Capital, Gratitude, and Anger Expression
Sa Rang Joo, Mi-Jung Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(4): 383. CrossRef

The Influencing Factors of Burnout in Nurses in the COVID-19 Pandemic Disaster: Jeong Yee Bae, Eun-kyung Lee, Bi-Joo Kim, Eun Ju Lee; STRESS. 2021;29(2):80-86. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.2.80

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17 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background

This study aims to identify factors influencing burnout in nurses during COVID-19 disaster situations.

Methods

The research subjects were 131 nurses who had the experience of nursing patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and were selected through convenience sampling. The collected data were subjected to percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS version 24.0 program.

Results

Burnout in nurses showed a statistically significant correlation with anxiety, PTSD, and depression. It was also confirmed that nurses’ depression and shift work were important factors that had significant effects on burnout.

Conclusions

In preparation for new infectious diseases that are expected to become more frequent in the future, a policy to supply nursing manpower and prevent burnout is necessary. In addition, it is necessary to introduce various work systems and develop and disseminate intervention programs for depression and burnout.

Citations

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Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and intention to leave among critical care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Lebanon
Manar Bani-Hani, Suhair Al-Ghabeesh, Ahmad Rayan, Patricia Tai, Mirna Fawaz, Zeina Salloum, Hanan Alyami
Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effects of Disaster Nursing Core Competence and Coping Flexibility on the Quality of Work Life of Emergency Room Nurses during Long COVID-19
Yu Jin Lee, Chung Hee Woo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 259. CrossRef
Effects of stress on burnout among infection control nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating effects of social support and self-efficacy
Su-jin Lee, Ju-Young Park, Seo-Hyeon Kim
BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The relationship between secondary traumatic stress and burnout in critical care nurses: The mediating effect of resilience
Yun Jeong Jeong, Sujin Shin
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2023; 74: 103327. CrossRef
Stress, COVID‐19 related knowledge, attitude, and infection control performance of nurses at long‐term care hospitals
Ji Ae Shim, Sun Young Jeong
Nursing & Health Sciences.2023; 25(2): 247. CrossRef
The effect of grit on the work engagement of nurses: The mediating effects of positive psychological capital and burnout
Mi Kyung Park, Won Hwa Kim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(2): 161. CrossRef
The impact of Long COVID, work stress related to infectious diseases, fatigue, and coping on burnout among care providers in nursing home: A cross-sectional correlation study
Hyunju Lee, Youngja Seo, Jihye Kim, Hye Young Song, Jinhee Park, Youngran Yang
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(3): 271. CrossRef
Burnout and Its Associated Factors Among COVID-19 Frontline Healthcare Workers
Hyeonseok Oh, Euihyun Kwak, So Yeon Hyun, Songeun Lee, Suk-Hyun Lee, In Mok Oh, Minyoung Sim
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2023; 62(4): 199. CrossRef
Factors influencing burnout among Korean nurses caring for patients with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
Seon Yeong Lee, Mi-Ae You, Jeong Ah Ahn, Eun Ji Seo
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2023; 25(4): 276. CrossRef
The Influence of Infection Control Knowledge, Emergency Nursing Competency, and Infection Prevention Environment on Burnout among Psychiatric Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19
Hyeran Cho, Suyon Baek
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(4): 482. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Burnout of Nurses Working in a Hospital Nationally Designated for COVID-19 Patients
Hwasoon Kim, Doa Kim, Minsook Kim, Yiseul Kim, Soojin Bang, Gine Lee, Miso Won, Dajung Joo
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(1): 74. CrossRef
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Seul-Ah Lee, Jung-Eun Park, Jong-Hwa Jang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(6): 3668. CrossRef
Factors Affecting the Quality of Work Life of Nurses at Tertiary General Hospitals in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Eunhee Hwang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(8): 4718. CrossRef
The Mediating Effects of Health Concern and Depression in the Relation between Self-quarantined People’s COVID-19 Stress and Fatigue
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Mediating effect of resilience between post-traumatic stress and emotional exhaustion in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic
Juhee Jeong, Yeoungsuk Song
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Effects of Social Support, Pregnancy Stress, and Anxiety on Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnant Women: Hyun Jung Kim, Hee Sun Kang; STRESS. 2021;29(2):140-148. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.2.140

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7 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between social support, pregnancy stress, and anxiety of pregnant women and to determine their effect on health-related quality of life.

Methods

A total of 202 pregnant women participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed by the frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using the STATA/IC 15.1 program.

Results

As a result of this study, the major factors affecting the health-related quality of life of pregnant women were identified as anxiety, educational level, social support, and marital satisfaction. Social support has a positive effect on the health-related quality of life of pregnant women (β=0.27, p< .001), but anxiety had a negative effect (β=−0.56, p<.001).

Conclusions

When planning nursing interventions to improve the health-related quality of life of pregnant women, strategies for lowering the anxiety and improving the social support of pregnant women should be considered.

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Perinatal quality-of-life trajectories and determinants among high-risk pregnant women and their husbands: a prospective cohort study
Hyunjin Cho, Sukhee Ahn
Women's Health Nursing.2026; 32(3): 218. CrossRef
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So Jin Lee, Ju-Hee Nho, Eun Jee Lee, Dong Hyun Lee
Journal of Korean Maternal and Child Health.2025; 29(2): 87. CrossRef
Are the effects of stress on antenatal depression mediated by self-esteem and moderated by social support?: a cross-sectional study
Eunjoo Lee
Women's Health Nursing.2024; 30(4): 299. CrossRef
Health-related quality of life of migrant workers: a systematic literature review
Hyun-Jin Cho, Kyoungrim Kang, Kyo-Yeon Park
BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of a Spouse’s Aromatherapy Hand Massage on Fatigue, Stress, and a Couple’s Relationship in Pregnant Women
Hyang Mi Jung, Eun Jung Oh, Hyun Chul Sung, Myungja Kim
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Influence of Fetal Attachment and Pregnancy Stress on Health Promotion Behavior in Primigravida
Soo Rueng Yeo, So Young Choi
Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2022; 26(4): 270. CrossRef
The Influencing Factors on Health-Related Quality of Life in Childbearing Women Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2019 Data
Jeongim Lee
Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2021; 25(4): 282. CrossRef

The Mediating Effects of Parenting Stress on the Relationship between the Health Problems of Children with Food Allergies and the Perceived Health Status of Parents: Young Il Cho, Hyo Jin Kim, Dong Hee Kim; STRESS. 2021;29(2):115-121. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.2.115

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84 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
Understanding and managing the health of children diagnosed with food allergies and their families are becoming increasingly important. The purpose of this study was to verify the mediating effect of parenting stress on the relationship between the health problems of children with food allergies and the perceived health status of parents.
Methods
A self-report questionnaire was administered to 80 parents of children diagnosed with allergies to determine the child’s food allergy characteristics, concerns about the child’s health, parents’ health status, and parenting stress, through which the number of allergy-inducing foods, the structural relationship between health concerns about children, parenting stress, and perceived parental health status, and the indirect effects of parenting stress were verified.
Results
Parenting stress statistically significantly mediated the relationship between children’s health problems and perceived health status of parent.
Conclusions
Reducing the parenting stress of parents of children with food allergies can increase parents’ health status. Since parental health is an important factor in child management, it is suggested that parenting stress interventions be included in the comprehensive management of children with food allergies.

The Effect of Perceived Stress, Fine Dust Risk Perception, and Resilience on Stress Response in Patients with Respiratory and Circulatory Disorders: Jin-Hee Park, Kuem-Sun Han; STRESS. 2021;29(1):21-27. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.1.21

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84 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
The purpose of this study is to determine the degree of perceived stress, fine dust risk perception, and resilience in patients with respiratory and circulatory disorders, and investigate the relationship between these variables.
Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted on 184 patients with respiratory and circulatory diseases over the age of 20 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression analysis using the SPSS program.
Results
The study found perceived stress, resilience, family relationship, and type of disease to be factors affecting the stress response of people with respiratory and circulatory disorders.
Conclusions
Understanding the perceived stress, resilience, family relationship, and type of respiratory and circulatory disorder prevents stress response and contributes to stress nursing.

Distractive Emotion Regulation: The Construct and Its Measurement: Dohyeon Kim, Hae Youn Choi; STRESS. 2021;29(1):11-20. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.1.11

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72 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
Distractive emotion regulation, which relieves arousal through attention shift, protects individuals from strong stress. Distractive emotion regulation is widely used in everyday life and although it has great implications in the context of adaptation such as to addiction, it is generally not considered separately from avoidant regulation, it has neither been clearly defined nor measured.
Methods
Through a literature review and qualitative analysis, we selected adults’ distractive emotion regulation behaviors. We explored the construct by developing measurement on the distractive behaviors that adults use to regulate emotion.
Results
Factor analysis revealed that distractive emotion regulation consisted of four factors: “consumption distraction” concerned with activities such as shopping, internet use, and TV viewing; “arousal control distraction” related to activities such as exercise, bathing, and deep breathing; “reserving distraction” pertaining to activities such as eating, sleeping, and listening to music; and “aggressive distraction” involving behaviors such as bullying, physical destructiveness, or cursing. Each factor had a different correlation with stress coping dimensions and subjective well-being.
Conclusions
Distractive emotion regulation is a multidimensional concept composed of sub-factors with different functions and clinical implications in daily life.

Relationship between Complex Trauma Experience in Childhood-Adolescence and Interpersonal Trauma in Adulthood: Mediating Effects of Dissociation Experience, Relationship Addiction, and Internalized Shame: Yumi Oh, Min Kyu Rhee; STRESS. 2021;29(1):1-10. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.1.1

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229 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effects of dissociation experience, relationship addiction, and internalized shame in the relationship between complex trauma experience in childhood-adolescence and interpersonal trauma in adulthood.
Methods
Two hundred and thirty-eight adults participated in this study. They were administered the Korean versions of the Trauma Antecedents Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Dissociative Experiences Scale, Relationship Addiction Questionnaire, and Internalized Shame Scale. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, and structural equation modeling.
Results
First, dissociation and internalized shame had a double mediating effect in the relationship between complex trauma experience in childhood-adolescence and interpersonal trauma in adulthood. Second, relationship addiction and internalized shame had a double mediating effect in the relationship between complex trauma experience in childhood-adolescence and interpersonal trauma in adulthood. Third, dissociation, relationship addiction, and internalized shame had a triple mediating effect in the relationship between complex trauma experience in childhood-adolescence and interpersonal trauma in adulthood.
Conclusions
Therapeutic intervention for revictimization should address symptoms such as dissociation, relationship addiction, and internalized shame. In addition, people with complex trauma experiences in childhood-adolescence require preventive intervention to avoid further exposure to interpersonal trauma.

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