Distractive emotion regulation, which relieves arousal through attention shift, protects individuals from strong stress. Distractive emotion regulation is widely used in everyday life and although it has great implications in the context of adaptation such as to addiction, it is generally not considered separately from avoidant regulation, it has neither been clearly defined nor measured.

Through a literature review and qualitative analysis, we selected adults’ distractive emotion regulation behaviors. We explored the construct by developing measurement on the distractive behaviors that adults use to regulate emotion.

Factor analysis revealed that distractive emotion regulation consisted of four factors: “consumption distraction” concerned with activities such as shopping, internet use, and TV viewing; “arousal control distraction” related to activities such as exercise, bathing, and deep breathing; “reserving distraction” pertaining to activities such as eating, sleeping, and listening to music; and “aggressive distraction” involving behaviors such as bullying, physical destructiveness, or cursing. Each factor had a different correlation with stress coping dimensions and subjective well-being.

Distractive emotion regulation is a multidimensional concept composed of sub-factors with different functions and clinical implications in daily life.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of experiential avoidance in the relationship between borderline personality traits and reactive aggression.

In total, 160 participants (male N=57, female N=103, mean age 25.3 years) completed the questionnaires measuring levels of borderline personality traits, experiential avoidance, and reactive aggression.

First, borderline personality traits had a significantly positive effect on experiential avoidance and reactive aggression. Experiential avoidance also had a positive effect on reactive aggression. Second, experiential avoidance had mediating effect between borderline personality traits and reactive aggression.

Based on the results of this study, it was confirmed that borderline personality traits could activate experiential avoidance, which leads to an increase in reactive aggression. Furthermore, current results suggested that in the treatment of reactive aggression in borderline personality traits, it was important to deal with experiential avoidance.

The purpose of this study is to verify how participation in cultural and leisure activities by middle- and old-aged households with people with disabilities affects subjective health status and life satisfaction.

Secondary analyses were conducted with 1,223 persons aged 50 years or over and living alone with disabilities, using the raw data from the 2017 National Survey on Persons with Disabilities.

The results indicated that participation in cultural and leisure activities moderates the effects of subjective health status on life satisfaction.

This study revealed that policies and programs to encourage participation in cultural and leisure activities for persons with disabilities are needed for enhancing life satisfaction.

The occurrence of nurse burnout, which could affect the quality of nursing, largely depends on the characteristics of a hospital department. An operating room (OR) environment comes with a high possibility of nurses committing errors, and OR nurses respect the value of patient safety and perform their safety management duties as needed. Although patient safety culture in an OR might affect OR nurse burnout, there is insufficient evidence to show such an association.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital in Seoul, South Korea in 2019. One-hundred and twenty-two OR nurses completed the Safety Attitude Questionnaire Korean version 2 and Maslach Burnout Inventory that measured perceived levels of patient safety culture and burnout, respectively.

Correlation analyses found that lower burnout was significantly associated with better patient safety culture. Through a multiple regression, the predictors of emotional exhaustion in patient safety culture identified were job satisfaction (β=−.524, p=.000) and working conditions (β=−.282, p=.015). Working conditions predicted depersonalization (β=−.323, p=.009), while job satisfaction predicted lack of personal accomplishment (β=−.250, p=.004). Meanwhile, years in the unit (β=−.397, p=.001) predicted lack of personal accomplishment.

These results suggest an important role for two dimensions of patient safety culture in mitigating burnout among OR nurses. It would be effective to improve working conditions in ORs by reducing the nurse-patient ratio, and to enhance job satisfaction among OR nurses by securing resources introduced by the conservation of resources theory.

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of character strengths and effect factors of subjective happiness of oncology nurses. This research was conducted on the theoretical background of positive psychology.

This study was a cross-sectional study that data were collected from 182 oncology nurses working in a cancer hospital with 500 beds from January to March, 2017. The research instruments were self-reported questionnaires of VIA-IS and Subjective Happiness Scale. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis.

The average of items about total score of character strengths was 3.38 (±0.29) on the 5-point Likert scale and about subjective happiness was 4.95 (±0.90) on the 7-point Likert scale. Signature strengths of the subjects were classified by six sub-areas of character strengths, frequency of humanity was highest and followed by courage. The level of subjective happiness has significant positive correlations with character strengths. The factors that affect subjective happiness of oncology nurses were job-satisfaction and total score of character strengths. The explanatory power of these factors on the subjective happiness was 34.0%.

We recommend to develop a happiness enhancing program focused on job-satisfaction and character strengths for oncology nurses and to verify their effectiveness.

College students experience stress related to its demands. Providing adequate resources to improve stress management remains a challenge. Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, Conscientiousness (DISC) is an instrument that accounts for multidimensionality of personality and has been used widely in research and industry. The purpose of this study was to examine DISC behavioral style with perceived stress, coping behavior, and personal satisfaction among college students.

Data were collected from 255 college students using self-reported questionnaire. Univariate descriptive statistical analysis was performed to explore sociodemographic characteristics of the sample. Possible association between sociodemographic variables and perceived stress, coping, personal satisfaction were examined using bivariate analysis with T-tests for independent samples and Chi-square. ANOVA was used to assess possible association between DISC profiles and the following three variables: perceived stress, coping, and personal satisfaction. A Scheffe test was performed post hoc to test for differences in DISC behavioral style and measures of perceived stress, coping, and personal satisfaction.

The distribution of DISC behavioral styles were 49.4%, 23.2%, 18.8%, and 8.6% respectively for dominance, influence, steadiness, and conscientiousness. Perceived stress and personal relationship varied significantly with DISC behavioral style (p=.001 and p=.019 respectively). Variation in DISC behavioral style did not demonstrate a significant association with stress coping (p=.383).

Providing stress coping management tailored to DISC behavioral style may be an effective way to improve stress reduction and personal satisfaction among college students.

The purpose of this study is to examine the factor structure of the Korean version of the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. The TAS-20 (source of the TAS-20K) has been supported the three-factor correlated model. However, some factor structure studies of the TAS-20 rejected the three-factor correlated model and adopted alternative models.

In study 1, we conducted a comparison study of the alternative measurement models by using CFA. In study 2, we examined scale reliability and gender measurement invariance of the factor structure. To examine the alternative models and scale reliability, we using the bifactor model reliability indices.

As a result, the DIF and DDF factors have a close relationship but the EOT factor has some differences with DIF and DDF. So we adopted a two-factor correlated model with group factor. And the adopted factor structure has partial measurement invariance. Therefore we can compare gender differences of the TAS-20K.

This study has significance that examining TAS-20K’s factor structure and examining measurement invariance in gender.

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the high perceived stress of adults and the types and amounts of their physical activities.

The subjects consisted of 5,624 adults aged 20 and older from the 2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The three types of physical activity (aerobic activity, muscular exercise and walking) were investigated and the amounts of physical activity were calculated with time used in each activity were calculated. To examine the association between the high perceived stress and physical activity, complex samples multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with controlling participants’ demographic and socio-economic, health status and health behavior characteristics.

There were 1,539 people (27.36%) in the high stress perceived group, and the subjects in the high stress perceived group seemed to perform less time to walking (weighted mean: 217.23 minutes/ week) than the low or not stress perceived group (weighted mean: 241.09 minutes/week). The proportion of subjects doing muscular exercise 3 or more days in a week seemed to higher in the lower stress perceived group than the high stress perceived group. The multiple logistic regression analyses results showed significant correlations between walking or doing muscular exercise and high-perceived stress (p<0.01). Additionally, the proportion of activity at work seemed to be a significant factor in the perceived stress level.

There appears to be a correlation between physical activity especially muscular activity and perceived stress, such that further studies will lead to improvements in stress management strategies.

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in work-life balance (WLB) between hospital nurses and female wage workers and to investigate its effect on job satisfaction and turnover intention.

This exploratory comparative study used data from five general hospital nurses (n=437) and college-graduate level female wage workers (n=786). After propensity score matching, the effects of WLB subtypes (work→life balance, life→work balance) on job satisfaction and turnover intention were analyzed.

Hospital nurses had lower levels of WLB subtypes (2.6±0.5, 2.6±0.5), lower job satisfaction (2.8±0.7), higher turnover intention rate (65.5%) than wage workers (3.1±0.4, 2.9±0.4, 3.5±0.5, 1.7%). Analysis of job satisfaction showed significant relationship between work→life balance and job satisfaction in both groups (β=0.32, p≤.001; β=0.18, p=.004). Second, the analysis of turnover intention differed between the two groups. Among hospital nurses, the higher the level of work→life balance, the lower the turnover intention rate (OR=0.49, p=.015), while among wage workers, the opposite was true (OR=0.29, p=.038).

The level of WLB of hospital nurses was relatively low, negatively affecting job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Despite being one of the major female professions, the nursing occupation lacks support for WLB, suggesting a need for tailored support through organizational and social systems.