안산대학교 간호학과
한국방송통신대학교 환경보건학과
Department of Nursing, Ansan University, Ansan
Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea
Copyright: © The Korean Journal of Stress Research
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Before matching | After matching | ||||||
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Female wage workers (n=786) | Hospital nurses (n=433) | p | Female wage workers (n=365) | Hospital nurses (n=365) | p | ||
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n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | ||||
Age (years) | 20~29 | 146 (18.6) | 170 (39.3) | <.001 | 130 (35.6) | 123 (33.7) | .616 |
30~39 | 277 (35.2) | 171 (39.5) | 157 (43.0) | 153 (41.9) | |||
40~55 | 363 (46.2) | 92 (21.3) | 78 (21.4) | 89 (24.4) | |||
Mean±SD | 38.46±8.29 | 33.20±7.29 | <.001 | 33.61±7.18 | 34.14±7.24 | .320 | |
Marital status | No | 271 (34.5) | 229 (52.9) | <.001 | 184 (50.4) | 181 (49.6) | .824 |
Yes | 515 (65.5) | 204 (47.1) | 181 (49.6) | 184 (50.4) | |||
Education | College | 294 (37.4) | 102 (23.7) | <.001 | 99 (27.1) | 98 (26.9) | .772 |
Bachelor’s | 425 (54.1) | 250 (58.0) | 212 (58.2) | 206 (56.4) | |||
≥Master’s | 67 (8.5) | 79 (18.3) | 54 (14.8) | 61 (16.7) | |||
Satisfaction with economic status | Affordable | 126 (16.0) | 97 (22.4) | <.001 | 83 (22.7) | 73 (20.0) | .638 |
Normal | 487 (62.0) | 294 (67.9) | 239 (65.5) | 250 (68.5) | |||
Difficult | 173 (22.0) | 42 (9.7) | 43 (11.8) | 42 (11.6) | |||
† Stress | Mean±SD | 2.08±0.37 | 2.37±0.38 | <.001 | 2.06±0.38 | 2.38±0.38 | <.001 |
† Work-life balance (Work → life) | Mean±SD | 3.09±0.41 | 2.58±0.50 | <.001 | 3.13±0.41 | 2.59±0.50 | <.001 |
Yes | 508 (64.6) | 102 (23.6) | <.001 | 247 (67.7) | 89 (24.4) | <.001 | |
No | 278 (35.4) | 331 (76.4) | 118 (32.3) | 276 (75.6) | |||
† Work-life balance (Life → work) | Mean±SD | 2.86±0.42 | 2.61±0.47 | <.001 | 2.90±0.44 | 2.60±0.47 | <.001 |
Yes | 371 (47.2) | 118 (27.3) | <.001 | 177 (48.5) | 97 (26.6) | <.001 | |
No | 415 (52.8) | 315 (72.8) | 188 (51.5) | 268 (73.4) | |||
Job satisfaction | Mean±SD | 3.50±0.56 | 2.77±0.67 | <.001 | 3.52±0.54 | 2.78±0.67 | <.001 |
Turnover intention | No | 615 (97.2) | 143 (33.3) | <.001 | 293 (98.3) | 125 (34.5) | <.001 |
Yes | 18 (2.8) | 287 (66.7) | 5 (1.7) | 237 (65.5) |
Before matching | After matching | |||
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Female wage workers (n=786) | Hospital nurses (n=433) | Female wage workers (n=365) | Hospital nurses (n=365) | |
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Job satisfaction | Job satisfaction | Job satisfaction | Job satisfaction | |
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r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | |
† Work-life balance (Work → life) | 0.24 (<.001) | 0.44 (<.001) | 0.26 (<.001) | 0.42 (<.001) |
Working is rewarding and provides vitality to my life | 0.26 (<.001) | 0.38 (<.001) | 0.29 (<.001) | 0.37 (<.001) |
I am more appreciated by my family by working | 0.20 (<.001) | 0.20 (<.001) | 0.24 (<.001) | 0.19 (<.001) |
Working increases satisfaction with family life | 0.19 (<.001) | 0.30 (<.001) | 0.24 (<.001) | 0.30 (<.001) |
Working has a positive effect on my children | 0.09 (0.02) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0.22 (<.001) |
‡ Long working hours interferes with my family life | 0.08 (0.02) | 0.22 (<.001) | 0.00 (0.94) | 0.20 (<.001) |
‡ Irregular working hours interferes with my family life | 0.12 (<.001) | 0.31 (<.001) | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.28 (<.001) |
† Work-life balance (Life → work) | 0.11 (<.001) | 0.14 (<.001) | 0.09 (0.09) | 0.13 (0.01) |
I work harder due to my responsibility to support my family | 0.07 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.02) | 0.18 (<.001) | 0.12 (0.03) |
I work harder because my family appreciates my work | 0.14 (<.001) | 0.26 (<.001) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0.24 (<.001) |
‡ I often face difficulty of balancing work due to child rearing burdens | 0.00 (0.96) | 0.04 (0.47) | −0.10 (0.15) | 0.08 (0.22) |
‡ I often face difficulty at work due to heavy housework burdens | 0.02 (0.64) | 0.02 (0.65) | −0.06 (0.28) | 0.04 (0.45) |
‡ I have considered quitting my job due to caregiving duties the family | 0.07 (0.19) | 0.05 (0.38) | −0.02 (0.80) | 0.06 (0.32) |
Before matching | After matching | ||||||
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Female wage workers (n=786) | Hospital nurses (n=433) | p | Female wage workers (n=365) | Hospital nurses (n=365) | p | ||
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n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | ||||
Age (years) | 20~29 | 146 (18.6) | 170 (39.3) | <.001 | 130 (35.6) | 123 (33.7) | .616 |
30~39 | 277 (35.2) | 171 (39.5) | 157 (43.0) | 153 (41.9) | |||
40~55 | 363 (46.2) | 92 (21.3) | 78 (21.4) | 89 (24.4) | |||
Mean±SD | 38.46±8.29 | 33.20±7.29 | <.001 | 33.61±7.18 | 34.14±7.24 | .320 | |
Marital status | No | 271 (34.5) | 229 (52.9) | <.001 | 184 (50.4) | 181 (49.6) | .824 |
Yes | 515 (65.5) | 204 (47.1) | 181 (49.6) | 184 (50.4) | |||
Education | College | 294 (37.4) | 102 (23.7) | <.001 | 99 (27.1) | 98 (26.9) | .772 |
Bachelor’s | 425 (54.1) | 250 (58.0) | 212 (58.2) | 206 (56.4) | |||
≥Master’s | 67 (8.5) | 79 (18.3) | 54 (14.8) | 61 (16.7) | |||
Satisfaction with economic status | Affordable | 126 (16.0) | 97 (22.4) | <.001 | 83 (22.7) | 73 (20.0) | .638 |
Normal | 487 (62.0) | 294 (67.9) | 239 (65.5) | 250 (68.5) | |||
Difficult | 173 (22.0) | 42 (9.7) | 43 (11.8) | 42 (11.6) | |||
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Mean±SD | 2.08±0.37 | 2.37±0.38 | <.001 | 2.06±0.38 | 2.38±0.38 | <.001 |
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Mean±SD | 3.09±0.41 | 2.58±0.50 | <.001 | 3.13±0.41 | 2.59±0.50 | <.001 |
Yes | 508 (64.6) | 102 (23.6) | <.001 | 247 (67.7) | 89 (24.4) | <.001 | |
No | 278 (35.4) | 331 (76.4) | 118 (32.3) | 276 (75.6) | |||
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Mean±SD | 2.86±0.42 | 2.61±0.47 | <.001 | 2.90±0.44 | 2.60±0.47 | <.001 |
Yes | 371 (47.2) | 118 (27.3) | <.001 | 177 (48.5) | 97 (26.6) | <.001 | |
No | 415 (52.8) | 315 (72.8) | 188 (51.5) | 268 (73.4) | |||
Job satisfaction | Mean±SD | 3.50±0.56 | 2.77±0.67 | <.001 | 3.52±0.54 | 2.78±0.67 | <.001 |
Turnover intention | No | 615 (97.2) | 143 (33.3) | <.001 | 293 (98.3) | 125 (34.5) | <.001 |
Yes | 18 (2.8) | 287 (66.7) | 5 (1.7) | 237 (65.5) |
Before matching | After matching | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
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Female wage workers (n=786) | Hospital nurses (n=433) | Female wage workers (n=365) | Hospital nurses (n=365) | |
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Job satisfaction | Job satisfaction | Job satisfaction | Job satisfaction | |
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r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | |
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0.24 (<.001) | 0.44 (<.001) | 0.26 (<.001) | 0.42 (<.001) |
Working is rewarding and provides vitality to my life | 0.26 (<.001) | 0.38 (<.001) | 0.29 (<.001) | 0.37 (<.001) |
I am more appreciated by my family by working | 0.20 (<.001) | 0.20 (<.001) | 0.24 (<.001) | 0.19 (<.001) |
Working increases satisfaction with family life | 0.19 (<.001) | 0.30 (<.001) | 0.24 (<.001) | 0.30 (<.001) |
Working has a positive effect on my children | 0.09 (0.02) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0.22 (<.001) |
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0.08 (0.02) | 0.22 (<.001) | 0.00 (0.94) | 0.20 (<.001) |
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0.12 (<.001) | 0.31 (<.001) | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.28 (<.001) |
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0.11 (<.001) | 0.14 (<.001) | 0.09 (0.09) | 0.13 (0.01) |
I work harder due to my responsibility to support my family | 0.07 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.02) | 0.18 (<.001) | 0.12 (0.03) |
I work harder because my family appreciates my work | 0.14 (<.001) | 0.26 (<.001) | 0.21 (<.001) | 0.24 (<.001) |
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0.00 (0.96) | 0.04 (0.47) | −0.10 (0.15) | 0.08 (0.22) |
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0.02 (0.64) | 0.02 (0.65) | −0.06 (0.28) | 0.04 (0.45) |
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0.07 (0.19) | 0.05 (0.38) | −0.02 (0.80) | 0.06 (0.32) |
Before matching | After matching | ||||||||||||
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Female wage workers | Hospital nurses | Female wage workers | Hospital nurses | ||||||||||
β | t | p | β | t | p | β | t | p | β | t | p | ||
Age (years) | 20~29 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
30~39 | 0.07 | 1.40 | .163 | −0.05 | −1.06 | .290 | 0.09 | 1.38 | .169 | −0.07 | −1.22 | .224 | |
40~55 | 0.00 | −0.08 | .935 | −0.04 | −0.54 | .592 | −0.02 | −0.20 | .839 | −0.06 | −0.82 | .411 | |
Marital status | No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Yes | 0.17 | 3.75 | <.001 | 0.22 | 3.83 | <.001 | 0.22 | 3.30 | .001 | 0.26 | 4.13 | <.001 | |
Education | College | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Bachelor’s | 0.09 | 2.49 | .013 | 0.02 | 0.39 | .695 | 0.09 | 1.69 | .092 | 0.03 | 0.62 | .538 | |
≥Master’s | 0.14 | 3.54 | <.001 | 0.06 | 0.98 | .326 | 0.13 | 2.06 | .040 | 0.07 | 0.96 | .339 | |
Satisfaction with economic status | Affordable | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Normal | −0.12 | −2.51 | .012 | −0.08 | −1.56 | .119 | −0.06 | −1.02 | .307 | −0.14 | −2.34 | .020 | |
Difficult | −0.23 | −4.99 | <.001 | −0.08 | −1.51 | .132 | −0.15 | −2.81 | .005 | −0.11 | −1.97 | .049 | |
Stress | −0.11 | −2.90 | .004 | −0.02 | −0.34 | .738 | −0.16 | −2.89 | .004 | 0.00 | −0.04 | .971 | |
Work-life balance (Work→life) | 0.19 | 4.46 | <.001 | 0.36 | 6.07 | <.001 | 0.18 | 2.93 | .004 | 0.32 | 5.15 | <.001 | |
Work-life balance (Life→work) | 0.05 | 1.14 | .255 | 0.03 | 0.57 | .567 | 0.07 | 0.89 | .373 | 0.04 | 0.79 | .430 | |
n=786, Adj. R2=.16 F test=15.27, p<.001 | n=430, Adj. R2=.24 F test=12.84, p<.001 | n=365, Adj. R2=.20 F test=9.34, p<.001 | n=365, Adj. R2=.25 F test=10.85, p<.001 |
Before matching | Before matching | After matching | After matching | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female wage workers | Hospital nurses | Female wage workers | Hospital nurses | ||||||||||
OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | ||
Age (years) | 20~29 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
30~39 | 1.76 | (0.55, 5.67) | .342 | 0.88 | (0.51, 1.55) | .664 | 0.99 | (0.15, 6.55) | .991 | 0.81 | (0.41, 1.60) | .549 | |
40~55 | 1.09 | (0.28, 4.26) | .897 | 0.25 | (0.12, 0.55) | <.001 | 0.79 | (0.04, 15.52) | .879 | 0.20 | (0.08, 0.49) | <.001 | |
Marital status | No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Yes | 0.23 | (0.08, 0.69) | .009 | 0.79 | (0.46, 1.36) | .399 | 0.25 | (0.04, 1.50) | .128 | 0.93 | (0.51, 1.73) | .829 | |
Education | College | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Bachelor’s | 1.01 | (0.39, 2.65) | .979 | 1.20 | (0.71, 2.01) | .495 | 0.52 | (0.10, 2.64) | .434 | 1.18 | (0.65, 2.12) | .588 | |
≥Master’s | 1.4 | (0.28, 6.87) | .680 | 1.32 | (0.63, 2.77) | .463 | 1.76 | (0.20, 15.27) | .607 | 1.97 | (0.86, 4.50) | .107 | |
Satisfaction with economic status | Affordable | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
Normal | 1.09 | (0.35, 3.45) | .880 | 0.65 | (0.38, 1.10) | .108 | 0.67 | (0.10, 4.31) | .672 | 0.62 | (0.34, 1.11) | .108 | |
Difficult | 2.01 | (0.60, 6.76) | .259 | 0.86 | (0.32, 2.29) | .757 | 1.64 | (0.24, 11.24) | .614 | 0.82 | (0.28, 2.42) | .720 | |
Stress | 1.32 | (0.54, 3.22) | .544 | 3.66 | (2.29, 5.84) | <.001 | 1.52 | (0.63, 3.66) | .354 | 3.95 | (2.27, 6.87) | <.001 | |
Work-life balance (Work→life) | 0.90 | (0.36, 2.29) | .832 | 0.60 | (0.36, 0.99) | .049 | 0.92 | (0.22, 3.81) | .912 | 0.49 | (0.27, 0.87) | .015 | |
Work-life balance (Life→work) | 0.28 | (0.09, 0.88) | .029 | 0.86 | (0.50, 1.48) | .593 | 0.29 | (0.05, 0.96) | .038 | 1.01 | (0.52, 1.98) | .970 | |
n=633, Adj. Pseudo R2=.08 Wald test=192.34, p<.001 | n=428, Adj. Pseudo R2=.16 Wald test=82.36, p<.001 | n=328, Adj. Pseudo R2=.11 Wald test=118.15, p<.001 | n=328, Adj. Pseudo R2=.18 Wald test=65.12, p<.001 |
Range 1 (low)~4 (high).
Range 1 (low)~4 (high); Reverse coding.