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1 "Future orientation"
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Original Article
Future Orientation’s Influence on Smartphone Overdependence among Out-of-School Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Parental Emotional Support
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2022;30(4):213-220.   Published online December 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.4.213
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Background
This study aimed to examine the influence of future orientation on smartphone overdependence through depression among out-of-school adolescents and the moderated mediation effect of parental emotional support.
Methods
This study analyzed data from the Panel Survey of School Dropouts with the Process macro Models 4 and 14.
Results
First, out-of-school adolescents’ future orientation negatively influenced smartphone overdependence. Second, out-of-school adolescents’ depression partially mediated the influence of future orientation on smartphone overdependence. Third, out-of-school adolescents’ parental emotional support moderated the mediation effect of future orientation on smartphone overdependence through depression.
Conclusions
The results suggest ways to manage smartphone overdependence among out-of-school adolescents.

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