The purpose of this article is to explain what is the successful aging. Since 1986, being introduced formally about the concept of successful aging at Annual Meeting of American Gerontological Association, the study of successful aging has been performed interdisciplinary through the sponsorship of MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Successful Aging. Many researchers including Rowe and Kahn (1997) and Crowther, Parker, Achenbaum, Larimore & Koenig (2002) contributed to the development of this field. In this article conceptual framework of successful aging, central findings of that work, and some strategies or mechanisms that make for successful old age are summarized and considered. (Korean J Str Res 2007;15:325∼330)