STRESS

Volume 31(3); September 2023

Original Articles

Validating a Short Version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12): Somin Lee, Myoung-Ho Hyun, Jaeeun Shin; STRESS. 2023;31(3):97-105. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.97

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aims to validate the short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12).
Methods
A comprehensive set of questionnaires, including the IUS-12, STAI-T, PSWQ, CES-D, and K-CSI, was administered and completed by 404 participants. The average age of the participants was 31.29 years (SD=9.18), comprising 114 men, 287 women, and 3 individuals identifying with the other gender. We conducted a factor analysis on the collected data and compared the fit indices of one-factor, two-factor, and bifactor models. Furthermore, a multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis evaluated measurement invariance between the men’s and women’s groups. Correlational analyses were also conducted.
Results
Data from the study show that the bifactor model was the most appropriate, demonstrating good internal consistency. The Omega coefficients and explained common variance were computed to evaluate the dimensionality of the IUS-12, validating the use of the total score of the scale. Its factor model also showed that the measurement invariance sustained between two gender groups. The correlation analyses between the IUS-12 and other scales assessing attributes such as trait anxiety, worry, depression, and avoidance coping strategy supported convergent validity.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that the IUS-12 is a reliable and valid measure for assessing the intolerance of uncertainty. The study also discusses its limitations and offers recommendations for future research endeavors.

Effect of Work Overload on Job Burnout: The Moderation Effect of Problem-Focused Coping and Job Autonomy: Jae Won Moon, Hae Youn Choi; STRESS. 2023;31(3):106-112. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.106

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Abstract PDF: Background
In the contemporary work environment marked by specialization, digitalization, and convergence, job burnout has intensified. This study aims to validate the intricate interplay between individuals and their environment in progression from high-skilled, unstructured job stress.
Methods
This study explores the moderating effects of problem-focused coping and job autonomy on the relationship between work overload and job burnout. The participant pool comprised 150 employees (mean age=40.7, 68.7% women) stationed at large commercial bank branches in Korea.
Results
First, the study did not uncover a statistically significant moderation effect of problem-focused coping on the relationship between work overload and job burnout. Second, the findings revealed that the impact of work overload on job burnout displayed variation contingent upon the levels of problem-focused coping and job autonomy.
Conclusions
This study underscores the pivotal role of ensuring job autonomy within the work environment to effectively mitigate the adverse effects of excessive work situations through problem-focused coping.

Qualitative Study on Patient Distress and Needs in Chronic Illness: Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Chronic Renal Diseases: Eun Jung Yang, Donghee Jeong, Bong-Jin Hahm, Eun-Jung Shim; STRESS. 2023;31(3):113-122. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.113

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Abstract PDF: Background
We examined various types of distress and needs experienced by patients with chronic illness.
Methods
We conducted in-depth interviews with 35 patients with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and chronic renal diseases.
Results
The majority of participants reported experiencing physical distress, such as pain from symptoms or after-effects. They also felt burdensome to others and saw a decrease in their social relationships because of physical limitations caused by their chronic illness. Besides symptom management, they expressed a need for psychological counselling to cope with psychosocial distress.
Conclusions
The findings suggest the importance of integrative management for patients with chronic illness, addressing both physical symptoms and psychosocial distress.

Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions among Problem Drinkers in Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Junggeun Ahn, Heeseung Choi, Jiu Kim, Wooin Jang; STRESS. 2023;31(3):123-132. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.123

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to identify trends in domestic research and conduct a meta-analysis of studies investigating the effects of non-pharmacological interventions targeting domestic problem drinkers. The objectives were to synthesize and analyze the results of these studies, while evaluating potential bias and estimating effect size.
Methods
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched five domestic databases (RISS, KISS, DBpia, KoreaMed, and Science ON) for journals and theses published until July 2022. Researchers independently assessed study quality using Cochrane RoB 2 or ROBINS-I.
Results
Of the 307 studies extracted, 12 were included in systematic review. The meta-analysis included 11 studies on problem drinking and 8 on alcohol abstinence self-efficacy. Random effects models were used for analysis, given the heterogeneity among the studies. Non-pharmacological interventions effectively reduced problem drinking (g=−1.22, 95% CI: −1.69 to −0.75, p＜.001) and enhanced alcohol abstinence self-efficacy (g=1.16, 95% CI: 0.54 to 1.79, p＜.001).
Conclusions
Non-pharmacological intervention programs targeting problem drinkers effectively reduced problem drinking and enhanced alcohol abstinence self-efficacy. This study provides valuable evidence for developing and implementing such programs for problem drinkers.

Validation of the Korean Adaptation of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (K-STAXI-2): Kyum Koo Chon, Kyung Hyun Suh, Joonsuk YI, Sungwon Roh, Yongmi Lee, Sojung Kim, Euiyeon Kim, Ju Yul Lee, Aron Choi; STRESS. 2023;31(3):133-141. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.133

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to validate the Korean adaptation of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (K-STAXI-2).
Methods
The study included a sample of 307 normal adults and 81 comparable adult patients. The data were analyzed using factor analyses, internal consistency measures, assessments of convergent and discriminant validity, t-tests between groups, and test-retest reliability.
Results
(1) Exploratory factor analyses revealed clear-cut factors for anger experience (state anger and trait anger) and anger expression (anger expression-in, anger expression-out, anger control-in, and anger control-out); (2) correlation analyses between K-STAXI-2 and the Emotional Stress Inventory demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity; (3) t-test between the patient group and the normal adults group provided additional construct validity; (4) internal consistencies of the six subscales showed a satisfactory level of reliability (α=.81 to α=.94); and (5) test-retest reliability over four weeks showed a satisfactory level of reliability.
Conclusions
The results further support the reliability and validity of the K-STAXI-2, suggesting its usefulness in various fields such as medicine, nursing, psychology, addiction, organization, education, and criminal justice.

Influence of Single Parents’ Parenting Stress on Adolescent Children’s Internet Addiction: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Family Economic Status: Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2023;31(3):142-147. Published online September 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.142

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study investigated the influence of parenting stress among single parents on the level of Internet addiction in their adolescent children, while also considering the moderating effect of family economic status.
Methods
An analysis was conducted using regression models to assess direct and moderating effects, utilizing data from the 2021 Survey of Single-parent Families, focusing on single parents with adolescent children.
Results
It was observed that single parents’ parenting stress had a positive and significant influence on the level of Internet addiction seen in their adolescent children. Furthermore, this influence was observed to be even stronger when the family’s economic status was lower.
Conclusions
This study empirically examined the influence of parenting and economic circumstances on the level of Internet addiction among adolescent children in single-parent families, drawing on nationally representative data. The study also underscored the need for diverse intervention strategies.

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