을지대학교병원 간호부
을지대학교 간호대학
Department of Nursing, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
College of Nursing, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
Copyright: © The Korean Journal of Stress Research
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Item | Classification | N (%) | M±SD |
---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | <35 | 15 (22.7) | 43.68±11.04 |
35∼50 | 33 (50.0) | ||
≥51 | 18 (27.3) | ||
Gender | Male | 29 (43.9) | |
Female | 37 (56.1) | ||
Marriage | Unmarried | 46 (69.7) | |
Married | 10 (15.2) | ||
Divorced or separated | 10 (15.2) | ||
Religion | Yes | 50 (75.8) | |
No | 16 (24.2) | ||
Education | Middle school or less | 8 (12.1) | |
High school graduate | 32 (48.5) | ||
College graduate or higher | 26 (39.4) | ||
Employment before hospitalization | Yes | 45 (68.2) | |
No | 21 (31.8) | ||
Cohabitant before hospitalization | Alone or Facilities | 15 (22.7) | |
Families or relatives | 51 (77.3) | ||
Family’ income (10,000 won/mth) | <100 | 34 (51.5) | |
100∼199 | 16 (24.2) | ||
≥200 | 16 (24.2) | ||
Type of institution | University/general hospital | 7 (10.6) | |
Mental hospital | 59 (89.4) | ||
Type of admission | Voluntary | 11 (16.7) | |
Involuntary (by family or by local government heads) | 55 (83.3) | ||
Number of hospitalization(s) | 1 | 9 (13.6) | |
2∼5 | 30 (45.5) | ||
>5 | 27 (40.9) | ||
Duration of hospitalization | <6 month | 21 (31.8) | |
6 month∼11 month | 11 (16.7) | ||
≥12 month | 34 (51.5) | ||
Medication after admission | Not changed | 28 (42.4) | |
Dosage increase | 10 (15.2) | ||
changed | 28 (42.4) | ||
Friendship among patients | None | 11 (16.7) | |
1∼2 | 24 (36.4) | ||
>3 | 31 (47.0) |
Item | Classification | N (%) | M±SD |
---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | <35 | 24 (30.0) | 41.19±12.06 |
35∼50 | 35 (43.8) | ||
≥51 | 21 (26.3) | ||
Gender | Male | 3 (3.8) | |
Female | 77 (96.3) | ||
Marriage | Unmarried | 28 (35.0) | |
Married | 47 (58.8) | ||
Divorced or separated | 5 (6.3) | ||
Education | Diploma degree | 30 (37.5) | |
Bachelor degree | 33 (41.3) | ||
Graduate student or higher | 17 (21.3) | ||
Religion | Yes | 52 (65.0) | |
No | 28 (35.0) | ||
Job position | General nurse | 51 (63.8) | |
Charge nurse | 14 (17.5) | ||
Head nurse or higher | 15 (18.8) | ||
Nursing career (year) | <1 | 4 (5.0) | |
1∼4 | 13 (16.3) | ||
5∼9 | 13 (16.3) | ||
≥10 | 50 (62.5) | ||
Psychiatric nursing career (year) | <1 | 10 (12.5) | |
1∼4 | 26 (32.5) | ||
5∼9 | 16 (20.0) | ||
≥10 | 28 (35.0) | ||
Type of workplace | University/general hospital | 20 (25.0) | |
Mental hospital | 60 (75.0) | ||
Reason for working in psychiatry | Mandatory rotation | 11 (13.8) | |
Other’s recommendation | 5 (6.3) | ||
Voluntary application | 64 (80.0) | ||
Psychiatric mental health nurse course | Completed | 47 (58.8) | |
Not completed | 33 (41.3) | ||
Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner course | Completed | 16 (20.0) | |
Not completed | 64 (80.0) |
Item | Classification | N | M±SD | t/F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | <35 | 15 | 1.50±0.47 | 1.434 | .246 |
35∼50 | 33 | 1.67±0.56 | |||
≥51 | 18 | 1.40±0.62 | |||
Gender | Male | 29 | 1.30±0.49 | -3.624 | <.001 |
Female | 37 | 1.76±0.53 | |||
Religion | Yes | 50 | 1.57±0.53 | -0.376 | .708 |
No | 16 | 1.51±0.66 | |||
Marriage | Unmarried | 46 | 1.51±0.56 | 0.585 | .560 |
Married | 10 | 1.70±0.54 | |||
Divorced or separated | 10 | 1.65±0.58 | |||
Education | Middle school or less | 8 | 1.70±0.60 | 1.375 | .260 |
High school graduate | 32 | 1.64±0.57 | |||
College graduate or higher | 26 | 1.42±0.52 | |||
Employment before hospitalization | Yes | 45 | 1.57±0.59 | -0.151 | .881 |
No | 21 | 1.54±0.50 | |||
Cohabitant before hospitalization | Alone or Facilities | 15 | 1.54±0.51 | -0.130 | .897 |
Families or relatives | 51 | 1.56±0.58 | |||
Family’ income (10,000 won/mth) | <100 | 34 | 1.70±0.54 | 2.172 | .122 |
100∼199 | 16 | 1.41±0.59 | |||
≥200 | 16 | 1.42±0.52 | |||
Type of institution | Univ./general hospital | 7 | 1.56±0.58 | 0.008 | .993 |
Mental hospital | 59 | 1.56±0.56 | |||
Number of hospitalization(s) | 1 | 9 | 1.58±0.58 | 0.967 | .386 |
2∼5 | 30 | 1.46±0.60 | |||
>5 | 27 | 1.66±0.51 | |||
Duration of hospitalization | <6 month | 21 | 1.64±0.53 | 0.534 | .589 |
6 month∼11 month | 11 | 1.61±0.56 | |||
≥12 month | 34 | 1.49±0.59 | |||
Type of admission | Voluntary | 11 | 1.70±0.46 | 0.919 | .362 |
Involuntary (by family or by local government heads) | 55 | 1.53±0.58 | |||
Medication after admission | No change | 28 | 1.51±0.60 | 0.161 | .852 |
Dosage increase | 10 | 1.61±0.43 | |||
Medication change | 28 | 1.59±0.58 | |||
Friendship between patients | None | 11 | 1.29±0.75 | 1.876 | .162 |
1∼2 | 24 | 1.68±0.39 | |||
>3 | 31 | 1.56±0.56 |
Item | Classification | N | M±SD | t/F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | <35 | 24 | 2.05±0.43 | 0.153 | .859 |
35∼50 | 35 | 2.07±0.38 | |||
≥51 | 21 | 2.01±0.48 | |||
Gender | Male | 3 | 1.95±0.66 | -0.412 | .682 |
Female | 77 | 2.05±0.41 | |||
Education | Diploma degree | 30 | 2.10±0.39 | 2.695 | .074 |
Bachelor degree | 33 | 1.93±0.45 | |||
Graduate student or higher | 17 | 2.20±0.35 | |||
Religion | Yes | 52 | 2.06±0.46 | -0.335 | .739 |
No | 28 | 2.03±0.33 | |||
Marriage | Unmarried | 28 | 2.08±0.41 | 0.257 | .774 |
Married | 47 | 2.02±0.40 | |||
Divorced or separated | 5 | 2.12±0.61 | |||
Job position | General nurse | 51 | 2.09±0.44 | 0.643 | .529 |
Charge nurse | 14 | 2.02±0.36 | |||
Head nurse or higher | 15 | 1.95±0.39 | |||
Nursing career (year) | <1 | 4 | 1.86±0.59 | 0.434 | .729 |
1∼4 | 13 | 1.99±0.45 | |||
5∼9 | 13 | 2.07±0.38 | |||
≥10 | 50 | 2.08±0.41 | |||
Psychiatric nursing career (year) | <1 | 10 | 2.15±0.54 | 0.984 | .405 |
1∼4 | 26 | 2.04±0.43 | |||
5∼9 | 16 | 1.91±0.37 | |||
≥10 | 28 | 2.10±0.37 | |||
Type of workplace | Univ./general hospital | 20 | 2.22±0.40 | 2.105 | .039 |
Mental hospital | 60 | 1.99±0.41 | |||
Psychiatric mental health nurse course | Completed | 47 | 2.03±0.41 | 0.500 | .618 |
Not completed | 33 | 2.08±0.42 | |||
Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner course | Completed | 16 | 2.19±0.36 | -1.464 | .147 |
Not completed | 64 | 2.02±0.43 | |||
Reason for working in psychiatry | Mandatory rotation | 11 | 2.32b±0.32 | 3.841 | .026 (a<b) |
Other’s recommendation | 5 | 1.78a±0.17 | |||
Voluntary application | 64 | 2.02ab±0.42 |
Characteristics | Patients (N=66) | Nurses (N=80) | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
M±SD | M±SD | |||
Total | 1.56±0.56 | 2.05±0.42 | 5.897 | <.001 |
Factor 1: Unfair human right violation | 1.79±0.74 | 2.33±0.50 | 5.014 | <.001 |
Being segregated and restrained | 2.05±1.04 | 2.51±0.69 | 3.112 | .002 |
Having had a long period of hospitalization | 1.97±1.02 | 2.29±0.75 | 2.102 | .038 |
Admitted to hospital involuntarily | 1.89±1.14 | 2.83±0.47 | 6.219 | <.001 |
Not being aware of treatment plan of me | 1.79±1.02 | 1.81±0.76 | 0.163 | .871 |
Can not be discharged from hospital even with documents due to extensive examinations during hospitalization | 1.68±1.08 | 2.39±0.74 | 4.500 | <.001 |
My pride is hurt because of therapists’ ignorance or threatening verbs | 1.64±1.10 | 2.20±0.70 | 3.592 | <.001 |
Moving to many hospitals as my family refuses to live with me | 1.55±1.11 | 2.29±0.70 | 4.711 | <.001 |
Factor 2: Life with no future | 1.53±0.89 | 2.10±0.62 | 4.363 | <.001 |
Thinking that I will not be able to do anything because of psychiatric disease. | 1.64±1.12 | 2.15±0.81 | 3.114 | .002 |
Thinking that I will be admitted again after being discharged. | 1.61±1.05 | 2.00±0.84 | 2.463 | .015 |
Thinking that this is an incurable disease. | 1.56±1.17 | 2.09±0.86 | 3.052 | .003 |
Thinking that I will not have any hope even after being discharged. | 1.55±1.20 | 2.29±0.72 | 4.404 | <.001 |
No where to go after being discharged. | 1.44±1.19 | 2.26±0.71 | 4.941 | <.001 |
Likely my family members will have told others about my disease. | 1.41±1.08 | 1.79±0.81 | 2.354 | .020 |
Factor 3: A sense of alienation from family | 1.65±0.68 | 2.17±0.49 | 5.181 | <.001 |
Not being active as a family member. | 1.89±1.05 | 1.88±0.80 | 0.120 | .905 |
Phoning family members, but communication is not convenient | 1.73±1.03 | 2.59±0.65 | 5.882 | <.001 |
Very strong yearning for other family members. | 1.68±0.98 | 2.26±0.71 | 4.029 | <.001 |
Suddenly separated from other family members. | 1.65±1.12 | 2.14±0.79 | 3.152 | .002 |
Remembering bad behavior when his/her symptoms were severe. | 1.52±1.03 | 1.76±0.82 | 1.588 | .115 |
Family members don’t come to visit frequently. | 1.48±0.97 | 2.39±0.65 | 6.494 | <.001 |
Factor 4: Infringement of basic needs | 1.49±0.86 | 1.71±0.67 | 1.683 | .095 |
Too noisy to sleep. | 1.64±1.13 | 1.76±0.83 | 0.753 | .453 |
Foods are not suitable to my taste. | 1.52±1.11 | 1.89±0.78 | 2.294 | .024 |
Can not eat what I want to eat. | 1.32±1.06 | 1.48±0.75 | 1.016 | .312 |
Factor 5: Violation of personal preference | 1.16±0.80 | 1.84±0.56 | 5.780 | <.001 |
Can not smoke freely. | 1.30±1.28 | 2.38±0.70 | 6.106 | <.001 |
Can not select TV channels according to my own wishes | 1.11±0.99 | 1.48±0.66 | 2.586 | .011 |
Can not use mobile phones freely. | 1.08±1.17 | 1.66±0.81 | 3.453 | .001 |
Factor 6: Inconvenience of collective life | 1.34±0.75 | 1.62±0.59 | 5.897 | <.001 |
Little time is allowed to be active out of hospital room. | 1.47±0.93 | 1.74±0.78 | 1.896 | .060 |
Meals and sleep at designated hours. | 1.35±1.05 | 1.56±0.79 | 1.370 | .173 |
Forcible attendance at programs. | 1.21±1.05 | 1.56±0.67 | 2.351 | .021 |