1서울대학교 간호대학 석사과정생
2서울대학교 간호대학 박사과정생
1Master’s Student, College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
2Doctoral Student, College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Copyright © 2024 Korean Society of Stress Medicine.
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Y: Yes, N: No, UC: Unclear, N/A: Not Applicable, Q1: Certainty of the cause and the effect, Q2: Similarity between the participants, Q3: Control of the history effect, Q4: Existence of the control group, Q5: Multiple measurements of outcome (pre/post), Q6: Completion of the follow-up, explanation of the attrition, Q7: The sameness of the measurement method, Q8: Reliability of measurement, Q9: Statistical appropriacy.
IMB: Information-motivational-behavioral skills, IC: Information construct, MC: Motivation construct, BSC: Behavioral skills construct, CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, PRSS: Peer Relational Skills Scale, CES-DC 11: Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression for Children, SCRS: Self-Control Rating Scale, KS scale: Integration of the internet (K-scale) and smartphone scale (S-scale), KS-II: Internet addiction scale for adolescent.
Authors (Year) | Question number |
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Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 | Q9 | Score | |
Kim D. I. et al. (2017) | Y | N | UC | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | 6/9 |
Kim D. I. et al. (2020) | Y | N | UC | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | 6/9 |
Kim H. S. et al. (2015) | Y | Y | UC | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | 7/9 |
Kim H. J. et al. (2014) | Y | Y | UC | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | 7/9 |
Mun & Lee (2015) | Y | Y | UC | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 8/9 |
Park M. S et al. (2017) | Y | NA | UC | N | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | 5/7 |
Yum J. Y. et al. (2016) | Y | Y | UC | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | 6/9 |
Cho. H. S. et al. (2019) | Y | Y | UC | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 8/9 |
Jo & Bang (2022) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 9/9 |
Authors (year) | Program session | Time | Period (weeks) | Intervention | Place/Instructor | Strategies according to IMB construct | Contents | Significant outcome variables |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kim D. I. et al. (2017) | 6 | 40 | 2-6 | Internet/Smartphone addiction | Each classroom in elementary school/Professionally trained preventive education instructor | IC: instruction, role play, quiz | 1st: Introducing program | The level of smartphone addiction (S-scale) (F=4.846, p<.028) |
Prevention program | MC: discussion, | 2nd: Learning about the changes happening in my body | ||||||
BSC: plan, game, discussion, | 3rd: Learning about the changes happening in my mind | The level of Internet addiction (K-scale) (F=0.042, p<0.838) | ||||||
4th: Finding alternative activities | ||||||||
5th: Learning about netiquette | Self -regulatory (F=6.033, p<.014) | |||||||
6th: Finalizing program | ||||||||
Kim D. I. et al. (2020) | 6 | 40 | 2-3 | Smartphone addiction | I Will Center (Seoul)/Instructor | -IC: instruction, quiz, handout | 1st: Awareness | The level of smartphone addiction (S-scale) (F=3.752, p<.028) |
Prevention program | -MC: game, discussion | 2nd: Acceptance | The level of Internet addiction (K-scale) (F=2.399, p<0.124) | |||||
-BSC: plan, discussion, making activity | 3rd: Attitude | |||||||
4th: Online game addiction | Tolerance (p<.05) | |||||||
5th: SNS addiction | Good use of smartphone (F=.911, p=.171) | |||||||
6th: Summary | Expending life experience (p<.02) | |||||||
Kim H. S. et al. (2015) | 12 | 40 | 6 | Smartphone addiction | Elementary school/Researcher | -IC: instruction, video, quiz, discussion | 1st: introducing program | The level of smartphone addiction (S-scale for preschooler) (F=2.59, p<0.12) (salience, impulsivity-compulsive use, tolerance, interpersonal conflict: p<.01) |
Prevention program | -MC: group counselling, storytelling | 2nd-3rd: Smartphone recognition | ||||||
-BSC: plan, game, group counselling, music activity | 4th-6th: Improving self-control | |||||||
7th-9th: Impulse control | ||||||||
10th-11th: Smart phone and family relationship | ||||||||
12th: Finalizing program | ||||||||
Kim H. J. et al. (2014) | 12 | 40 | Not specified | Smartphone addiction | Elementary school/Counsellor | -IC: instruction, video, discussion, game | 1st: Introducing program | The level of smartphone addiction (S-scale) (F=545.8, p<.000) (Difficulties on Daily Living, Withdrawal, Tolerance, Virtual World Oriented: p= .00) |
Prevention program | -BSC: role play, plan, group counselling, music activity | 2nd-4th: Smartphone recognition | ||||||
5th-6th: Improving self-control | ||||||||
7th-9th: Alternative activities | ||||||||
10th-11th: Impulse control | ||||||||
12th: Finalizing program | ||||||||
Mun & Lee (2015) | 8 | 50 | 4 | Internet addiction | School health education room/ School nurse | -IC: instruction, video, discussion | 1st: Knowing the internet correctly | Self- regulation (SCRS) (F=5.17, p=.027) |
Prevention program | -MC: group counselling | 2nd: Exploring life change from the internet | The level of internet addiction (KS) (F=39.39, p<.001) | |||||
-BSC: plan, awarding | 3rd: Doing self-control | Hours of internet use per day (F=1.98, p=.165) | ||||||
4th: Doing self-understanding | ||||||||
5th: Controlling stress | ||||||||
6th: Calming oneself | ||||||||
7th: Improving interpersonal relationships | ||||||||
8th: Challenges for future dreams | ||||||||
Park. M. S. et al. (2017) | 3 | 40 | 3 | Internet addiction | Elementary school/Researcher | -IC: instruction | 1st: Introduction of the program | The level of internet addiction (KS-II) (F=39.974, p=0.000) |
Prevention program | -BSC: plan, discussion | The strong and weak points of Internet | ||||||
The meaning of the internet addiction and its example | ||||||||
Make the rule of your own – 1st | ||||||||
2nd: Evaluation of the previous program | ||||||||
Effect of Internet use | ||||||||
Make the rule of your own – 2nd | ||||||||
Exploration of the alternatives of Internet | ||||||||
3rd: Evaluation of the previous program | ||||||||
Understanding of the alternatives and its actual impact | ||||||||
Yum J. Y. et al. (2016) | 1 | 30 | 1 | Smartphone addiction | Counseling room or classroom in the elementary school/Unknown | -IC: instruction, handout | 1st: Threat appraisal (The usage patterns of smartphones, the harmfulness and seriousness of smartphone addiction) | Threat appraisal (perceived severity, perceived vulnerability) (F=0.36, p=0.548) |
Prevention program | -BSC: discussion | 2nd: Coping appraisal (The causes and prevention methods of smartphone addiction, smartphone prevention guidelines for daily life) | Coping appraisal (self efficacy) (F=0.51, p=0.478) | |||||
Cho. H. S. et al. (2019) | 8 | 45 | 2 | Internet/Smartphone addiction | Community children’s center/Researcher | -IC: instruction, | 1st: Introducing program | The level of internet addiction (KS-II) (t=2.294, p<0.05) |
Prevention program | -MC: sharing feeling, group counselling, art activity | 2nd: Checking smartphone /Internet usage patterns, assessing interpersonal relationship and lifestyle patterns | The level of smartphone addiction (S-scale) (t=2.294, p<0.05) | |||||
-BSC: group counselling | 3rd: Reflecting on and expressing emotional words, identifying smartphone patterns and triggered emotions. | Depression (CES-D) (t=2.489, p<0.05) | ||||||
4th: Understanding myself and understanding differences with others | ||||||||
5th: Expressing myself, listening to and reflecting on others | ||||||||
6th: Exploring my strengths and weaknesses for positive interpersonal relationship | ||||||||
7th: enhancing time management skills | ||||||||
8th: encouragement for setting short-term goals | ||||||||
Cho Jo & Bang (2022) | 12 | 90 | 12 | Smartphone addiction | Community children’s center/researcher | -IC: instruction, video | 1st-2nd: orientation and enhancing peer relationship | Peer relationships (PRSS) (p For group*time=0.047) |
Prevention program | -MC: sharing feeling, art activities, game, discussion, role play | 3rd-4th: enhancing group cohesiveness, developing social skill and empathy | Depression (CES-DC 11) (p For group*time=0.010) | |||||
-BSC: art activities, game, discussion | 5th-6th: Improving self-control and increasing positive affect | Self-control (SCRS) (p For group*time=0.688) | ||||||
7th-8th: Improving self-control and developing moral judgement | The level of smartphone addiction (S-scale) (p for group*time=0.039) | |||||||
9th-11th: Developing altruism, experiencing imitative behavior and imitative behavior | ||||||||
12th: finalizing program |
IBM elements | Core elements | Kim D. I. et al. (2017) | Kim D. I. et al. (2020) | Kim H.S. et al. (2015) | Kim H. J. et al. (2014) | Mun & Lee (2015) | Park. M. S. et al. (2017) | Yum J. Y. et al. (2016) | Cho. H. S. et al. (2019) | Jo & Bang (2022) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Information | Awareness | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Motivation | Relationship | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
Emotion | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
Behavioral Skill | Self-control | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Impulse-control | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Alternative activity | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Y: Yes, N: No, UC: Unclear, N/A: Not Applicable, Q1: Certainty of the cause and the effect, Q2: Similarity between the participants, Q3: Control of the history effect, Q4: Existence of the control group, Q5: Multiple measurements of outcome (pre/post), Q6: Completion of the follow-up, explanation of the attrition, Q7: The sameness of the measurement method, Q8: Reliability of measurement, Q9: Statistical appropriacy.
IMB: Information-motivational-behavioral skills, IC: Information construct, MC: Motivation construct, BSC: Behavioral skills construct, CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, PRSS: Peer Relational Skills Scale, CES-DC 11: Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression for Children, SCRS: Self-Control Rating Scale, KS scale: Integration of the internet (K-scale) and smartphone scale (S-scale), KS-II: Internet addiction scale for adolescent.