This study sought to analyze the structural relationships between optimism, distress tolerance, grief avoidance, intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, and psychological well-being among undergraduates who have experienced a loss.

Subjects comprised 435 university students (258 females and 177 males), with their duration of grief experience and the elapsed period from when the loss occurred having been taken into consideration.

Distress tolerance, grief avoidance, intrusive rumination, and deliberate rumination mediated the relationship between optimism and psychological well-being sequentially. Additionally, there were significant differences between the “less than 6 months” and “more than 6 months” groups in the structural relationships between optimism, distress tolerance, grief avoidance, intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, and psychological well-being.

The direct path of grief avoidance to psychological well-being was not significant, but it was found to have a significant effect through the sequential mediations of intrusive rumination and deliberate rumination. This result suggests the need for active intervention to allow people to face and cope with life after a loss, without avoiding the loss experience.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of self-compassion program on depressive mood, internalized shame and subjective well-being in female university students with depressive Mood.

Two groups are composed of experimental group (N=14) which is divided to High Shame Group (N=7), Low Shame Group (N=7) and control group (N=8) composed of High Shame Group (N=4), Low Shame Group (N=4). The experimental group participated twice a week, 60-minute Self-Compassion program session during 3 week.

First, Experimental group is lower depressive mood, internalized shame and higher life satisfaction expectancy than control group. But, There were no significant differences in life satisfaction, positive affect in experimental group. Second, Self compassion program is effective two group, High shame group and Low shame group.

The finding supports the effect of Self-Compassion Program on depressive mood, internalized shame, subjective wellbeing.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among school-related stress, school trust, community participation and subjective well-being. And additional analysis was to examine how different they were between gender and age group structural relationships and mediating effects.

Data from “Korean Survey on the Rights of Youth and Children in 2015” was utilized for the analysis. The sample consisted of 6449 students in their 11~16 age. This study analyzed using Structural Equation Model and Multi-group analysis.

Major results are as follows. First, school-related stress decreased subjective well-being, school trust, use of community institution, Second, the age and gender difference were verified in most pathways. Importantly, the mediating effects of school trust were significant regardless of gender and age group.

This study confirmed the importance of school trust in reducing schol-related stress and improving subjective well-being of adolescents.

This study examined the effect of optimism intervention consisting of writing and mental imagery about best possible self (BPS) and implementation intention on depression, optimism, subjective well-being, self-efficacy in college students.

Sixty depressive college students were randomly assigned to BPS condition (n=21), BPS & implementation intention condition (n=20), and control condition (n=19). Depression, optimism, emotional well-being, cognitive well-being, self-efficacy were measured before and after each intervention. The pre-and post-survey data were analyzed through ANCOVA.

The results showed that compared to the control intervention, BPS intervention led to significantly larger decrease in depression and significantly larger increase in optimism, emotional well-being, cognitive well-being, and self-efficacy. Compared to the control intervention, BPS & implementation intention intervention led to significantly larger decrease in depression and significantly larger increase in optimism and emotional well-being.

These findings suggest that optimism intervention and implementation intention has therapeutic implication in depressed group. Finally, the clinical implications and limitation of the present study were discussed.

This study investigated whether pre- and peri-disaster experiences influence on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and whether post-disaster stress by life changes have impact on PTSD after controlling pre- and peri-disaster factors.

Data came from a sample of 1,182 respondents who experienced natural disasters (flood and typhoon) in South Korea from 2012 to 2015. The SPSS Win 22.0 program was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation and logistic regression analysis.

The results indicated that 24.3% of the disaster victims were in PTSD risk group. Compared with non-PTSD, PTSD risk group showed lower interpersonal trust and satisfaction, higher depression and anxiety, and lower subjective well-being. The results of hierarchical logistc regression revealed that all pre-, peri-, and post-disaster factors increased the probability of developing PTSD, except for relocation of residence. Moreover, a primary post-disaster predictor of PTSD was economic distress after controlling for pre- and peri-disaster.

This study tested relative contributions of post-disaster factors on PTSD.

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of daily mindfulness in parents with 3 to 5-year-old children on their stress and psychological well-being.

Based on the previous studies, this study established a research model in which parent’s mindfulness affects their psychological well-being by the mediation of stress, and verified the relationship between them using 283 parents data set.

First, mindfulness and psychological well-being in the ages of 40s was significantly higher than the 20s∼30s. Second, parent’s mindfulness and psychological well-being showed high positive correlation, and stress showed high negative correlation with mindfulness and psychological well-being. Third, it was verified that mindfulness not only directly affects psychological well-being but also indirectly influences psychological well-being by reducing their stress.

This study suggests that daily mindfulness in parents with 3 to 5-year-old children is effective in managing their stress and improving their psychological well-Being.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a Self-Compassion Program on body satisfaction, body shame, self-esteem and subjective well-being among female university students with negative body image.

Study participants were composed of the top 35% of female college students on negative body image. The 25 participants were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (n=13) or a control group (n=12). The treatment group participated in weekly, 60-minute Self-Compassion Program sessions in a group format over a 6-week period.

Reports of body dissatisfaction and body shame decreased significantly more in the treatment group compared to the control group, while self-esteem, life satisfaction, and expected life satisfaction scores increased significantly more in the treatment group compared to the control group. There were no significant differences in positive affect and negative affect between groups at post treatment. The one-month follow-up results showed that the beneficial improvements were maintained.

The findings support the efficacy of the Self-Compassion Program on body dissatisfaction, body shame and self-esteem.

The aim of this study were to investigate the effect of unstable attachment on subjective well-being and to identify mediator effects of decentering and self-compassion.

A total of 255 college students participated in this study by completing the following questionnaires: Experience in Close Relationship Scale, Subjective Well-being Questionnaire, Decentering Scale, and Self-Compassion Scale.

Mediated Regression Analysis was used for the purposes of study. The results are as the following. First, unstable attachment had significant negative correlation with subjective well-being and decentering and self-compassion. Second, decentering had a partial meditational effect on the relation between unstable attachment and subjective well-being. Third, self-compassion had completely meditational effect on the relation between unstable attachment and subjective well-being.

These results suggested that it is important to enhance students’ level of decentering and self-compassion in order to increase their subjective well-being effectively.

This study examined the effects of the Motivation Management Program on stress response (somatization, depression, and anger), self-efficacy and subjective well-being among female university students with academic and career stress.

The participants were assigned to either a treatment group (N=12) or a control group (N=13). The Motivation Management Program treatment group was administered 6 sessions (80 minutes each, once a week).

The Stress Response, Somatization, Depression, Anger and Negative Affect scores in the treatment group decreased significantly compared with those in the control group, while the Satisfaction with Life and Positive Affect scores in treatment group increased significantly in comparison with those in the control group. No significant pre-post differences were found between groups in Self-Efficacy and Life Satisfaction Expectancy scores.

The findings suggest that the motivation management program can help female University students reduce the stress response (somatization, depression, and anger) and improve the subjective well-being.

This study is intended to administer stress scale, psychological well-being scale and self-efficacy scale in 279 baby boomers who were born from 1955 to 1963 residing in the P and U areas.

Pearson’s simple correlation analysis was performed to identify the relationship between life stress, psychological well-being and self-efficacy, while hierarchical regression was used according to the procedure suggested by Baron & Kenny (1986) to figure out how self-efficacy mediates the effect of life stress on psychological well-being.

First, life stress in baby boomers has a significantly negative effect on psychological well-being and self-efficacy; second, it was confirmed that self-efficacy has a partial effect in the relationship between life stress including family, economics, health and psychological well-being.

We discussed the implications and limitations of this study and whether interventions are required to improve the psychological well-being of baby boomers.