Trauma is a physically or emotionally harmful or life-threatening event that negatively affects well-being. Recently, a high correlation between trauma and substance addiction has been recognized. The aim of this study is to synthesize qualitative studies to understand the effects of trauma involved in the addiction and recovery process.

By searching qualitative studies about addiction and recovery, 17 Korean studies (80 subjects) were finally included in our analysis.

We recorded the traumas experienced, and their effects on addiction and recovery. Trauma reduced self-esteem and triggered psychological pain, while addiction was perceived as a countermeasure. As the trauma became accepted, participants acknowledged themselves, realized the value of their existence, and formed trusting relationships with others. Recovery progressed as the trauma healed.

Our study facilitates a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the role of trauma on addiction.

The purpose of this study is to develop an addiction preventing program for nurses, which will improve nurses’ general competency of preventing the addiction problem.

The develop process is in 3 steps. First, We analyzed the studies. A group of addiction experts did the focus group interview and drew out the core competency that is necessary to the general nurses. At the second step of the process, we developed 8 modules of addiction preventing program. For the last step, we calculated the content validity index (CVI) from the expert, and the average of CVI was 0.9.

Each module’s topic is; Overall understanding of addiction, Type and characteristic of addiction, Addiction preventing program with SBIRT (Alcoholism, Addiction of internet-game and smartphone, Gambling addiction, Substance addiction), and the Addiction management for internet-game and smartphone addicted adolescent, and employee’s alcoholism).

This study provides the basic educational information of the four major addiction prevention. Since nurses are the first line medical staff who is responsible for the screening, it is very important to provide and educate nurse.

The purpose of this study was to analyze current research trends on parenting stress of unmarried mothers in Korea and explore the related concepts.

For searching the literature, KMbase, Korea Med, RISS, NDSL was used. Fourteen studies from 2009 to 2019 were selected, and National Institute of Health (NIH) Study Quality Assessment Tool (SQAT) was applied.

Among the 14 studies, most frequently used study design was correlational study (64.3%), and majority of the study (78.6%) was conducted in the field of social welfare. Only one study was found in the nursing journal. Related concepts can be categorized as individual (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral) factors, and social/environmental factors. Among these, self-esteem, parenting self-efficacy, and health perception in cognitive concept domain, depression in emotional concept domain, parenting behavior in behavioral domain, and lastly, social and interpersonal support were studied as related factors with parenting stress. Overall parenting stress level was higher than moderate, and it was positively related to depression, and negatively related to health perception and social support. Various study tools were used even the original foreign tool was the same, thereby comparisons among studies were difficult.

Future studies are suggested to explore unmarried mother’s physical health problems as well as emotional problems, and to develop reliable measurement tools which can be used in Korean situation. Also, various nursing intervention programs for health promotion and child rearing competence for unmarried mothers should be developed.

The purpose of this study was to review the literature to improve the understanding of life events of early schizophrenia and identify the related factors using an integrative review.

The key words, ‘schizophrenia’ and ‘life events’ were used to search peer-reviewed evidence through six electronic databases and 11 papers were selected.

The factors related to the life events of the early schizophrenia were as follows 1) social isolation, lack of self-efficacy, lack of coping as antecedents 2) depression as a mediating factor 3) precipitating role of psychotic symptoms as a consequence.

It is difficult to identify the causal relationship between life events and psychotic symptoms because there are methodological limitations and conflicting results. In the future, it will be necessary qualitative research on life events of early schizophrenia and intervention study applying related factors identified in this study.