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Original Articles
- A Validation Study of the Korean Version of the Moral Injury Outcome Scale
- Hyeonchan Kim, Yun-Kyeung Choi
- STRESS. 2025;33(2):74-92. Published online June 30, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.2.74
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Abstract
PDF - Background
Moral injury (MI) refers to the psychological and functional consequences of potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), involving perceived violations of deeply held moral beliefs. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Moral Injury Outcome Scale (K-MIOS) and to examine its applicability in Korean populations.
Methods
A total of 546 Korean adults who had experienced at least one PMIE completed an online survey. The sample was randomly split into two groups (n=273 each) for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using correlation analyses with related psychological constructs. Signal detection analysis was performed to identify the optimal cutoff score indicating clinically significant and potentially targetable MI.
Results
EFA and CFA supported a two-factor structure for the K-MIOS, with good internal consistency. The K-MIOS showed significant positive correlations with PMIE exposure, MI, post-traumatic cognitions and emotions, post-traumatic stress symptoms, general psychological distress, and psychosocial dysfunction, supporting its construct validity. Signal detection analysis identified a cutoff score of 27 as optimally efficient for identifying individuals with clinically significant MI.
Conclusions
The K-MIOS showed robust psychometric properties and is suitable for assessing MI in Korean adults. This study provides initial evidence for a screening threshold, that may help identify individuals at clinical risk for MI.
- Effect of Cognitive Processing Style on Attentional Blink during Analogue Trauma
- Ye Ji Son, Yun-Kyeung Choi
- STRESS. 2024;32(1):38-45. Published online March 28, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.1.38
- 1,533 View
- 49 Download
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
This study attempted to examine the impact of each cognitive processing style (bottom-up, top-down) on attention patterns following a traumatic experience by measuring attentional blink (AB).
Methods
Participants were 37 university students with no direct experience of traffic accidents. They were randomly assigned to either a single-task (bottom-up processing) group or a dual-task (top-down processing) group, who performed the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) after watching an analogue trauma video. The correct response rate to target stimuli was then compared between groups based on stimulus type and stimulus presentation interval.
Results
In the dual-task group, no significant differences were found. However, in the single-task group, a trend towards a decrease in the correct response rate to the target stimulus was observed 200 ms after the presentation of the traumatic stimulus (i.e., AB).
Conclusions
This tendency can be explained by the phenomenon of automatic attentional capture by traumatic stimuli, suggesting a relationship between bottom-up processing and attentional bias.
- Efficacy of a Serious Game for Individuals with Interpersonal Trauma
- Hyae Young Yoon, Sang-Hyun Cho, Yun-Kyeung Choi
- STRESS. 2023;31(4):205-219. Published online December 28, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.4.205
- 2,237 View
- 61 Download
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Abstract
PDF
- Background
This study aimed to develop a serious game for college students with interpersonal trauma to practice adopting an alternative perspective mentoring a game character with similar experiences.
Methods
We recruited 44 college students with high levels of distress after experiencing interpersonal trauma. They were assigned to either the serious game+relaxation training (SG+RX, n=22) or the virtual reality+relaxation training condition (VR+RX, n=22). Cognitive, emotional, and self-efficacy aspects related to trauma were compared in both groups before and after treatment. In addition, interpersonal perceptions of "warmth, dominance, trust, and accessibility" for facial expressions of happiness, anger, and neutrality were compared in both groups before and after treatment.
Results
Both groups showed positive changes in relaxation, post-traumatic cognition, and post-traumatic emotion after treatment. The SG+RX group showed greater increases in behavioral competence and confidence in the future and rated accessibility to angry/happy facial expressions higher than the VR+RX group.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that an interactive serious game promoting empathy, coping skills, and an alternative perspective effects positive changes for individuals with interpersonal trauma.
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