STRESS

Volume 17(1); March 2009

Original Articles

The Difference of Depression, Anxiety, Stress Sensitivity and Sleep Characteristics by Expose Level to Chronic Aircraft Noise: Myung Ho Lim*, Jin Kyung Kang*, Hyun Woo Kim*, Ki Chung Paik*, Hyun Joo Kim^&#;, Sang Chul Rho^&#;, Ho-Jang Kwon^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):1-10. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: This study was focused on the influence of chronic aircraft noise exposure on adult depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, stress sensitivity, and sleep. We enrolled 796 in 11 areas near air base in Korea. Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Stress Response Inventory involving helicopter noise-impacted urban area and high and moderate fighting plane noise-impacted urban area were compared with the low-aircraft noise-impacted urban areas. Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory Beck Depression Inventory, Stress Response Inventory were significantly higher in the helicopter noise and the fighting plane noise compared to the low noised group. Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Stress Response Inventory significantly higher in the helicopter noise and a fighting plane noise compared to the low noise group. Chronic aircraft noise group was associated with sleep disturbance. Also therefore, there was a possibility for chronic aircraft noise exposure was associated with depression, anxiety symptom, stress sensitivity, and anxiety sensitivity. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:1∼10)

The Relationship between the College Students' Early Maladaptive Schemas and the Psychopathological Affect: Ji Young Lee, Chong Nak Son; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):11-17. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: This study was attempted to explore the relations between cognitive schemas the psychopathological affects to be supposed to do important role in psychopathology. The participant of this study were 313 college students. The result demonstrated that most of schema were positively correlated to affect scales except for some schema & affect in MMPI. The study also looks at how well each schema predicts psychopathological affect measured by MMPI & SCL-90-R. The study also investigate which of the schema sub-scales were most predictive of each affect. Vulnerability to harm or illness, Insufficient self-control/self-discipline, Social isolation/alinenation, Dependence/Incompertence, enmeshment, Dependence/incompetence & Unrelaenting standards/hypercriticalness showed significant correlation with anxiety. Vulnerability to harm or illness, emotional deprivation, defectiveness, enmeshment & Unrelaenting standards/hypercriticalness with hos functions as a predictive variable on all affect. Finally, the clinical implications, limitatition of this study and direction for future research were discussed. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:11∼17)

Influencing Factors on Emotional Competencies of Nurses: Kuem-Sun Han*, Youn-Jae Oh*, Sook-Ja Lee*, Sun-Kyung Cha^&#;, Hyun-Cheol Kang^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):19-26. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of communication style, ways of coping and emotional regulation among emotional competencies of nurse. The data were collected by questionnaires from 273 nurses in a general hospital in Seoul, Korea. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression. The score of tell communication style (self disclosure) and active-behavior coping, active emotional regulation have effects on emotional competencies. This study showed that communication styles and ways of coping significantly effects on emotional competencies. Therefore these results need to be considered when developing the emotional competencies program for nurse. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:19∼25)

Relationship of Korean Translated Bepsi Score and Family Apgar Score Among Korean Multicultural Families in South Jeolla Province: Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):27-34. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: Within a recent few years, the number multicultural families had been increasing rapidly in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate relationship of stress and family function of multicultural families. Study subjects were 75 foreign women who had been married with Korean men and immigrated into Korea. All participants were registered in one of three migration support centers in South Jeolla province. They completed self-administered questionnaires which evaluated demographic information, family APGAR score, and Korean translated BEPSI scores. Mean of family APGAR score is 6.27±3.23 and mean of Korean translated BEPSI score is 1.33±1.18. Family APGAR score has inverse correlation to Korean translated BEPSI score after correction other socio-demographic characteristics. Multicultural families may show inverse correlation between stress and family function. We needs to be concerned with family dysfunction if women in multicultural family shows stress related disorders. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:27∼33)

The Relation between Attachment Style Suggested Brennan and the Mode of Anger Expression: Su-Mi Song, Myoung-Ho Hyun, Mi-Sook Yun; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):35-44. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: The present study examined whether there was a difference in the mode of anger expression according to different adult attachment styles suggested Brennan et al. (1998). The subjects of this study were 194 adult who were given self report measure of adult attachment styles and anger expression. They were divided into secure, dismissing, preoccupied, fearful attachment groups. The data was according to repeated-measures analysis of variance. The results showed that there was a significant difference in anger expression according to different adult attachment styles. There were relatively high CAI (control-anger-in) scores in secure group, whereas the dismissing, preoccupied, fearful groups showed relatively high AI (anger-in) scores. In the cases of the secure attachment style groups, they could effectively control over the internalization of anger. But insecure group exhibited unilateral repression and the internalization of anger. This study also showed that there was a generational difference in the mode of anger expression according to different adult attachment styles. In 10s∼20s group, proportion of fearful attachment style was more than 30s∼40s group. In 30s∼40s group, they could relevantly control over the internalization/externalization of anger more than 10s∼20s group. Finally, the implications and limitations of this research were discussed and suggestions for future research were proposed. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:35∼44)

Effect of Endurance Exercise on Cell Proliferation in the Dentate Gyrus and Cognitive Function in Rat Pups Born from the Chronic Alcohol-intoxicated Maternal Rats: Myoung-Hwa Lee*, Baek-Vin Lim^&#;, Chang-Ju Kim^&#;, Mal-Soon Shin^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):45-52. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: In the present study, we investigated the influence of postnatal treadmill running on the cell proliferation and spatial learning ability of rat pups born from the chronic alcohol-intoxicated maternal rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n=25) and female Sprague–Dawley rats (n=25) were mated for 1 day. After confirming of pregnancy, 1 g/kg alcohol or saline was injected to the pregnant rats once daily from the 15th day of pregnancy to 1 day before delivery. After delivery, offspring were assigned into one of the three groups: the control group, the maternal alcohol-treated group, and the maternal alcohol-treated and exercise group. The young rats born from the alcohol-treated dams were randomly assigned into the two groups: the maternal alcohol-treated group (n=18) and the maternal alcohol-treated and exercise group (n=20). Starting from the 21 days after birth, the rat pups in the exercise group were made to run on a motorized treadmill for 30 min once a day for 7 consecutive days. Our results demonstrated that prenatal alcohol exposure significantly decreased cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and disturbed spatial memory capability of the rat pups. Postnatal treadmill exercise significantly increased cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus and improved the spatial memory capability of the rat pups. Here in this study, we showed that treadmill exercise could overcome reducing of the chronic prenatal alcohol exposure-induced cell proliferation, and thus facilitated the recovery of spatial learning memory impairment induced by prenatal alcohol exposure. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:45∼52)

A Comparison of the Certification System for Gambling Addiction Counselors Among the U.S., Australia, and Singapore: Soo-Mi Jang*, Young-Min Chun^&#;,Sung-Jae Kim^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):53-62. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to compare the certification system for gambling addiction counselors among the U.S., Australia, and Singapore. In order to examine the certification of gambling addiction counselors, the searching for the internet web-sites and literatures was used. In the U.S., there are various types of gambling addiction counselors certification. These are accredited by the certification board after being operated on the federal government level. In case of Australia, the certification system is not formalized yet, but addiction counselors are working after being trained with gamble specific education. There are Certified Gambling Addiction Counselor operated by APSAC in the Singapore. CGAC is approved internationally and required for the high level training. Based on the results, it is discussed that the implications for the development of gambling addiction counselor certification in Korea. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:53∼62)

A Study of Relationship Among Forgiveness, Depression and Depressive Response Styles: Suk-In Hong, Sung-Oh Jin*, Myoung-Ho Hyun*, Sung Man Bae, Seung-Hwan Lee; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):63-70. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of depressive response styles on the relationship between forgiveness and depression. Enright Forgiveness Inventory-Korea, Responses to Depressed Mood Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory were administered to a sample of 122 undergraduate students. Results showed that forgiveness was positively correlated with depression. The ruminative response style was a significant mediator with respect to the relationship between forgiveness and depression. However, the reflective response style was not associated with depressive symptoms. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed as well as limitations. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:63∼70)

Stress Coping Styles Among Inflictors and Recipients of Dating Violence: Kyung-Hyun Suh; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):71-80. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to explore coping styles of inflictors and recipients of dating violence, and to provide valuable information for prevention of dating violence. The participants were 451 college students (175 males and 276 females) who had the experience of heterosexual dating relationships, whose ages ranged from 17 to 33 (M=20.90, SD=2.25). Straus' Conflict Tactics Scale and Multidimensional Coping Scale were used in this research. Results indicated that inflictors of dating violence showed higher level of emotion-out and active forgetting, while recipients showed higher level of active forgetting and self-critique as coping strategy. There was 2-way interaction by gender and inflicting dating violence. Female inflictors of dating violence only revealed significant lower level of religious pursuit. Step-wise regression analyses revealed that active forgetting and self-critique were significant predictors of male's inflicting dating violence, whereas only self-critique was significant predictor of female's receiving dating violence. Positive comparison and seeking emotional support were also predictors of both inflicting and receiving dating violence of both males and females. The present findings suggest the useful information for prevention and intervention of violence in dating relationship. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:71∼80)

The Relationship between the College Students' Childhood Emotional Trauma Experience, Attachment & Dysfunctional Anger Expression: Ji Young Lee, Chong Nak Son; Korean J Str Res. 2009;17(1):81-88. Published online March 31, 2009

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood emotional trauma experience, trait anger, & dysfunctional anger expression, and to find out the structural relationship of childhood emotional trauma experience, attachment & dysfunctional anger expression, The results were as follows. First, childhood emotional trauma is predictable variable of attachment, trait anger & dysfunctional anger expression. Second, attachment is also predictable variable trait anger & dysfunctional anger expression, and the score of not only anger-in, but also anger-out was the best high score in fearful type. Finally, the structural equation model analying the partial mediating effect of attachment on childhood emotional trauma experience & dysfunctional anger expression fit in the group. These findings suggest that childhood emotional trauma have influence on maladaptive anger expression indirectly through mediation of insecure attachment. (Korean J Str Res 2009;17:81∼89)

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