This study is a systematic review to explore factors affecting the quality of life (QOL) of spouses who have experienced bereavement.

We searched the literature in four foreign and one domestic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and RISS), using the search terms ‘bereavement’, ‘spouse’, and ‘quality of life’. A total of six articles were selected for final analysis by two researchers. Using the social ecological model, we categorized five domains affecting bereaved spouses’ QOL.

Studies were published between 2001 and 2010 and were surveyed in a total of five countries. The QOL of the participants was measured using various measurement tools, such as health-related QOL and life satisfaction. Using social ecological models, the factors affecting QOL among bereaved spouses were determined to be individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and policy factors.

Based on the analysis results, points for consideration are suggested, including the research design and direction of future research.

For efficient management of an organization’s human resource, it is crucial to increase the job satisfaction of women managers, since it is closely related to an individual’s job performance and company’s one. In this regard, this research explores how women managers’ job stress and managerial efficacy affect their job satisfaction.

This research uses the fifth wave of Korean Women Manager Panel (KWMP) collected in 2015. The 1,537 women managers who work at a company with 100 or more employees are employed and the data are analyzed using ordinary least squares (OLS).

Income, job stress, and managerial efficacy have a statistically significant effect on job satisfaction. In addition, managerial efficacy has a moderating effect between job-related stress and job satisfaction.

This study suggests the meaningful findings that in terms of boosting women manager’s job satisfaction, it is requested to promote their managerial efficacy at the human resource management level.