This study is a randomized control trial (RCT) to compare the effects of the electrocardiogram waveform simulation-based Healing Rhythm System on stress, electroencephalography (EEG), heart rate, and anxiety on healthy college students. Healthy college students without any disease were recruited. A total of 68 participants were collected and analyzed in 31 experimental groups, 17 placebo group, and 20 control group.

The analysis method was repeated measurement of ANOVA and it was conducted 8 times in total. The effect measurement was checked before and after exposure to stressors and six times every five minutes after intervention.

The results of the study showed that stress was significantly different in the experimental group at 10 minutes (F=4.33, p=.017) and 15 minutes after the intervention, and the EEG was significantly different in the experimental group at the relative alpha Fp1, F3 (F=5.753, p=.005) after the intervention, and the heart rate was significantly different in the experimental group at 15 minutes and 20 minutes (F=3.586, p=.033). The anxiety was significantly different in the experimental group after the pre and post-treatment of stressors (F=18.609, p<.001).

Therefore, HR system will be widely used as a program to induce calming to healthy university students in stressful situations.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of monetary motivation on the relationship between pain-related fear and avoidance behavior.

Eighty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to one of four groups in accordance with task conditions of pain-related fear (high or low) and monetary motivation (high or low).

The autonomic nervous system was more active in the high pain-related fear group than in the low pain-related fear group as the participants watched a video and performed a task. Also, pain-related fear and monetary motivation had a significant interaction effect on avoidance behavior. High monetary motivation was associated with a shorter delay time during task performance in the high pain-related fear group. No significant difference was observed in the delay time in the low pain-related fear group.

This study provides empirical evidence supporting the modified fear-avoidance model and experimentally proves the activation of the goal shielding mechanism.

The purpose of the study was to explore whether the effect of Huanglian-jie-du granule depends on the baseline heart rate variability in patients with Hwa-byung.

We used the supplementary data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Huanglian-jie-du granule for Hwa-byung patients. Study drugs were taken orally three times per day for one week. Heart rate variability was measured three times; before the treatment, after the treatment, and month follow-up period. Spearman’s rho test was done to explore the role of the baseline heart rate variability to the effect of Huanglian-jie-du granule.

Baseline low frequency power of heart rate variability was negatively correlated with the reduction of the insomnia severity index in experimental group (r=−0.493 p=0.02). Also, Huanglian-jie-de granule significantly decreased the low frequency power of heart rate variability in patients with Hwa-byung compared to placebo (mean difference 266 [95% CI: 29∼503], p=0.028). In Hwa-byung symptoms, stuffy, pushing up in the chest, and flush of anger were correlated with low frequency power of heart rate variability (p=0.010, p=0.000, and p=0.016, respectively).

The effect of the Huanglian-jie-de granule for insomnia seems to be lower when the baseline low frequency power of heart rate variability is higher in Hwa-byung patients. Also, Huanglian-jie-de granule is likely to decrease the sympathetic activity in patients with Hwa-byung. Measurement of heart rate variability may be the useful to understand the state of Hwa-byung patients.

The aim of this study is to verify the effects of EDT on stress, fatigue, sleep and HRV in nurses. The study was a quasi-experiment using nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design.

Experimental treatment was to contact EDT 3 points on the body surface. EDT touch used the first fingerprint of the thumb for 3 minutes on the frontal branch of superficial temporal area, 3 minutes on the facial area, and 4 minutes on the axillary area. EDT was applied 10 minutes, twice a week for 5 weeks.

Data were analyzed with SPSS 23.0 program. As a result, stress, fatigue, sleep, and HRV were statistically significant difference in both groups.

EDT can be used not only for nurses’ health maintenance and promotion but also for independent nursing intervention at clinical practice.